Polymeric Flexible Hose & Tubing

NEW YORK, June 13, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Polymeric Flexible Hose & Tubing
http://www.reportlinker.com/p01351955/Polymeric-Flexible-Hose--Tubing.html#utm_source=prnewswire&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=Resin_and_Rubber

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Flexible hose and tubing are old and established products, and their manufacture and sale has become a moderately large and quite broad–based sector of the United States economy. This study covers flexible hose/tubing made from polymeric materials (that is, what we commonly call plastics or rubber materials), as contrasted with rigid piping and rigid metal tubing (e.g., aluminum and copper tubing for automobiles and refrigerators), the latter is a subset of the piping industry. (Rigid polymeric pipe and tubing is covered at length in a recent companion BCC Research report, PLS053A, The U.S. Market for Plastic Pipe.)

The broad base of the U.S. polymeric hose and tubing industry is illustrated both by the many different materials, both elastomeric and non–elastomeric, that are used to make hose and tubing, and also by the many different markets that are served by these materials and products. The terms tube and tubing are also different from pipe and piping. All pipes are tubes; however, because rigid tubing is smaller in diameter and usually quite thin, it is differentiated from piping. We also differentiate between flexible hose and tubing. A tube is usually defined as a long cylindrical body with a hollow center that is used to convey fluids, and a hose is generally considered to be a flexible tube. However, in flexible products we differentiate hose and tubing by also considering tubing to be a simpler product constructed from a single material, while hose is a more complex structure that usually consists of three layers: the tube itself at the center, some type of external reinforcement, and a protective covering material of some type.

This study is an update of a 2008 BCC Research study by the same author of polymeric flexible hose and tubing materials and their markets, in which we bring up to date the state of the industry and BCC Research's estimates and forecasts for U.S. markets for base year 2012 and forecast year 2017. The U.S. hose and tubing industry is generally considered to be mature, but that does not tell the whole story. The changing nature and general decline in the U.S. manufacturing sector has increased competition among supplier companies and materials of hose and tubing construction and caused some important changes in this industry in recent years; we review them here and forecast their effects on the industry. However, in this update, like in the last one, there were fewer really new developments in the last five years or so, compared to years past. Continual improvements yes, but no real new materials to revolutionize the industry.

However, even with the general state of maturity in this industry, some changes continue to add an interesting dynamic to what is essentially a stable market that grows on average at about the rate of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

The first of these changes has been the development of newer hose and tubing materials that compete with older more established synthetic resins and elastomers. The most important of these are thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs); products that no longer can be considered to be "new" but which still are being developed and competing. Important hose and tubing TPEs include thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) and alloys (TPVs) produced with metallocene/single site and other newer catalyst systems, as well as the older TPEs such as thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) and styrene block copolymers. As thermoplastics they are easier to process than older thermosetting rubbers.

Next, engine changes are constantly being made in the very important automotive under–the–hood hose and tubing category. Newer overhead cam four–valve engines tend to run hotter than older push rod designs, and several of the most common elastomers, especially nitrile rubber, cannot be used at the temperatures now occurring under the hood; other materials must be substituted. Newer engine types, primarily hybrids at this time with electric cars still relatively rare, will have some effect on the use of polymeric hose and tubing. For example, electric motors need few or no hoses and tubing but since today's hybrid vehicles still have a gasoline engine, hose and tubing should be needed in good quantities through our forecast period.

Another continuing change is in motor gasoline formulations, with lowered aromatics content and increasing use of oxygenates as octane enhancers and anti–pollution additives. Legislation calls for the addition of oxygenates to motor fuel with increasing quantities to meet ongoing Congressional mandates: today and for the foreseeable future this additive will be ethanol. Fuel lines must not only withstand new fuels and additives, but also cannot allow them to permeate through the hose or tube wall into the atmosphere.

The ethanol situation is interesting, and it may affect the markets for flexible hose and tubing. Ethanol is water soluble, and carmakers are learning what effects it has on hoses (and engine performance). To date it has been found that ethanol has little effect on automotive fuel lines, at least at the current 10% maximum inclusion rate. However, farm–state Congressmen and Senators are constantly pushing to get this maximum increased and have passed legislation mandating that 36 billion gallons of ethanol be blended into U.S. motor fuels by 2022. The EPA, calculating that this amount of ethanol could not be blended without increasing the ethanol level to 15%, ruled in January 2010 that the maximum level could be raised to 15%, but only for vehicles built since 2007. The 15% level is being fought by both the automotive and petroleum refining industries, as well as hose and tubing suppliers that claim that this level will damage engines, make them run poorly, and damage parts such as hoses. This controversy is ongoing.

Another major automotive industry change in the mid–1990s was that of primary auto air conditioner refrigerant, from CFC–12 (Freon–12) to HFC–134a. This necessitated changes in the hose and tubing used; this change was made successfully since HFC–134a operates under similar conditions to CFC–12 and major compressor and other component redesigns were not required. Now there is a push by global warming activists to also ban HFCs, which do not deplete the ozone layer but do increase global warming. The European Union has banned HFC–134a in all cars in that area starting with model year 2011, and car makers and producers of auto air conditioners scrambled to find another replacement. The most promising replacement is a new hydrofluoroolefin called HFO–1234yf, which has almost no global warming potential. The affects this new refrigerant has on automotive air conditioning hoses remains to be seen.

Competition between synthetic elastomers and natural rubber is constant and is based on price for many applications. At the time of the last update of this report in 2008 natural rubber had increased to the point that synthetic rubbers were replacing natural rubber. At this writing in spring 2013 the price of natural rubber remains above that of most of its competing synthetics for tires and other large markets, and synthetic rubbers continue to replace natural rubber. The recent fall in the U.S. dollar (which affects export and import markets) also affects the U.S. producers, for a falling dollar makes imports of natural rubber more expensive.

We have subdivided the market into four main sectors:

Automotive.
Hydraulics.
Industrial.
Consumer/healthcare.

Automotive, hydraulic, and many industrial products are primarily hose, while tubing is primarily medical with some industrial tubing. There are many subcategories in each segment, as can be seen from the length and complexity of the Table of Contents. Most of these market segments follow the ups and downs of the national economy, with the exception of tubing for healthcare applications that have been growing at a faster rate as healthcare spending has tended to outpace GDP. With the onset of managed care, healthcare cost controls, and proposed government anti–deficit measures, the growth of medical tubing continues to come down, and we believe that it will approach or equal GDP rates, at least in some sectors.

It is the goal of this report to give the reader a comprehensive update on the state of the U.S. flexible hose and tubing industry and the polymeric materials from which such products are made, and where BCC Research believes it is headed for the next five years, with market estimates and forecasts through 2017.

Flexible hose and tubing is made from many different polymeric materials, both elastomeric and non–elastomeric (that is, hoses and tubes that may or may not stretch) both natural (which means natural rubber in this case) and synthetic. Among the synthetics we have both thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Because of this diversity of materials we place major emphasis in this report on these materials, their properties, manufacture, and markets.

Our objectives include:

To describe the flexible hose and tubing industry, its importance to the functioning and quality of life, and its future prospects. We include a brief historical perspective on the materials and the industry.
To describe many different types of hose and tubing products, the polymeric materials from which they are made, and their major end–use markets in the United States. We describe, discuss, and estimate markets for major types of hose and tubing by type of polymer used and by several of the important major applications.
To analyze and estimate industry production and shipments in base year 2012 and forecast growth through 2017 for several of the major hose and tubing material and application markets.
To describe methods used both to manufacture the polymeric raw materials and to fabricate hose and tubing structures.
To identify and profile some of the major suppliers of materials and products for the hose and tubing industry.
To describe hose and tubing technology and trends. This includes both polymer and hose and tubing production technology.
To note and discuss some of the major dynamics in the industry, including industry concentration, inter–material competition, and some international effects on the U.S. industry, primarily from activities of foreign firms.
To discuss some environmental and regulatory issues and factors that affect the hose and tubing industry, including the many standards that affect manufacture and quality.
This study focuses primarily on the United States but also, as noted above in our objectives, has some international observations, given the global nature of business and trade these days, when no nation or region can operate without consideration of the rest of the world. However, most of the products covered are American in nature and production, and our market estimates and forecasts are for the U.S. market.

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

Flexible hose and tubing continues to be a dynamic industry, despite its maturity and modest growth rate and the rather staid general impression of garden hose, under–the–hood automotive hose, and other everyday products. Several important changes have occurred in this industry in recent years, and they continue; in fact, their pace will probably increase with new regulatory and environmental rules and requirements in such important sectors as automotive and industrial hose and tubing. For example, as we note in this report, newer auto engines tend to run hotter under the hood, increasing the need for hoses and tubing that can withstand these higher temperatures.

But these changes are for the most part coming in an evolutionary, rather than a revolutionary, way. Only a sudden major change can cause revolutionary change. Examples of such changes, both again from the important automotive sector, can be the banning of one auto air conditioner refrigerant and the substitution of another, and major changes in the composition of motor fuels such as the mandating of significant increases in ethanol content.

Both newer and older materials compete for places in the hose and tubing market. The major competitive factors in the market are those between materials and technologies. Inter–material competition is a way of life in a technologically advancing society, and hose and tubing markets are no exception. There is strong competition and significant overcapacity in several sectors, and new technologies and products continue to also strive for market share. For example, thermoplastic elastomers have gained markets at the expense of older traditional thermosets. Higher–performance thermoplastics like fluoropolymers and nylons are finding new uses where their properties justify their cost.

BCC Research has performed and updated this study to provide a comprehensive and updated reference for those interested and/or involved in the polymeric flexible hose and tubing industry, including those that serve and benefit from this industry. This is a wide and varied group of personnel in the materials, chemical, polymer, mechanical equipment, and parts suppliers; the latter both for original equipment manufacturers (OEM) and for those involved in the important maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) aftermarket business. We have sorted through, organized, and condensed information from a large amount of literature and other reference materials to compile this report.

INTENDED READERSHIP

Because of the size and diversity of flexible hose and tubing materials, products, and markets, this report should be of interest to a wide group of organizations and individuals that are involved in the development, design, manufacture, sale, and use of hose and tubing and materials, as well as politicians and the general public. BCC Research believes that this report will be of value to technical and business personnel in the following areas, among others:

Marketing and management personnel in companies that produce, market, and sell all types of hose and tubing, as well as those involved in installing equipment and parts, components, maintenance materials, and chemicals for cleaning and other uses.
Companies that supply, or want to supply, equipment and services to hose and tubing material and equipment supply companies.
Financial institutions that supply money for such facilities and systems, including banks, merchant bankers, venture capitalists, and others.
Personnel in end–user companies, communities, and industries that purchase and use hose and tubing. This includes some huge industries such as automotive and healthcare.
Personnel in government and standards–writing organizations. Local, state, and federal officials are all involved in writing and enforcing standards to ensure and protect public health and safety as well as the environment. Since much hose and tubing is used to convey flammable, hazardous, toxic, or otherwise potentially dangerous fluids, the public must be assured that it is made and used in a proper and safe manner.

SCOPE AND FORMAT

This BCC Research study covers in depth many of the most important economic, technological, political, regulatory, and environmental considerations in U.S. markets for materials used in manufacture of polymeric flexible hose and tubing, as well as those for the resulting hose and tubing products.

Such products are made from several different polymers, natural and synthetic, both elastomeric and non–elastomeric, to produce a number of different types of hose and tubing. We focus on thermosetting elastomers, both natural and synthetic rubbers, and on thermoplastic hose and tubing materials; the latter group includes both plastic resins and thermoplastic elastomers.

Our study includes older and newer key technologies, the markets, and major companies that make up the U.S. hose and tubing industry. This is, primarily, a study of activities and markets in the United States, but because of the global nature of most industries these days, it touches on some noteworthy international activities. These include activities that can have an impact on U.S. business and markets, particularly those of foreign–based companies in U.S. markets.

Demand data are estimated for base year 2012 and forecast for five years through 2017. Markets are all analyzed, estimated, and projected in pounds of materials used. Five-year growth rates are all compounded (signified as compounded annual growth rates or CAGRs). Market volumes are, in all cases, rounded to the nearest million pounds. In some sub–markets individual material volumes are small, lower than half a million pounds. We list these volumes as zero, noting with an asterisk that there is a market but a very small one. Because of rounding some growth rates will not agree exactly with figures in the market tables, especially for very small markets of only a few million estimated pounds that have been rounded to the nearest million.

Including this Introduction, there are 10 sections of this report. Following the Introduction is the summary chapter, which encapsulates our findings and conclusions, and provides a summary market table. This table is where busy executives can find major findings of the study in summary format.

Next is an overview of the flexible hose and tubing industry. We start with some historical background and perspective on hose and tubing and define and describe the major markets in the United States.

Next is the first of our market analysis sections, this one devoted to estimates and forecasts by physical volume in pounds of hose and tubing material.

The next section looks at hose and tubing markets by some of the most important applications. These include automotive, hydraulic, industrial, and consumer markets; the latter includes the important healthcare tubing market. We break out several important types of hose and tubing for expanded discussion and analysis.

Next is a section devoted to hose and tubing technology, with special emphasis on the manufacture of hose and tubing materials and products. We cover the basic technologies of rubber and polymer manufacture as well as hose and tubing fabrication and process economics. We also include a discussion of some technical innovations in hose and tubing.

Following the technology section we look at the structure and some competitive factors and trends in the U.S. flexible hose and tubing industry. We discuss competition among materials and note some international aspects that affect the U.S. industry.

The next section is devoted to a discussion of regulatory, environmental, and public issues that affect the hose and tubing industry. These include (1) important standards for hose and tubing manufacture that are designed to protect the public, (2) regulatory issues, (3) some ongoing environmental issues, and (4) public perceptions.

The final narrative section is devoted to information and profiles of the most important suppliers to this large industry. Contact information is also provided.

The final chapter is an appendix that provides a glossary of some important terms, abbreviations, acronyms, etc., used in the hose and tubing industry and related technologies.

Some topics and materials covered in the text of this report are not included in our market forecast tables. We include these topics and materials for completeness; however, they are either outside the scope of this study (such as discussion of international activities and markets) or may be too new to have yet developed a measurable commercial market.

As noted as the beginning of this section, this is a study of flexible hose and tubing produced from polymeric materials. We do not cover either rigid plastic pipe/tubing or metal pipe and tubing. Markets for rigid plastic pipe and tubing are covered, as noted earlier, in detail in a companion BCC Research report by the same author, The U.S. Market for Plastic Pipe, Report PLS053A.

Outside the scope of this study are tubes and tubing that are not usually considered part of the traditional industries for hose and tubing that transport fluids and other materials. Other uses for tubes and tubing include such products as core tubes for paper towel and tissue products, fiber tube packaging for juice concentrates and other food/beverage products, toothpaste and other product packaging tubes, drinking straws, etc. Structural, and other fabrication tubing, as well as decorative tubes, are also outside our scope. Thus this report is devoted exclusively to flexible hose and tubing used for material transport.

METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES

Extensive searches were made of literature and the Internet, including many leading trade publications, as well as technical compendia, government publications, and information from trade and other associations. Much of the product and market information was obtained from the principals involved in the industry. The information for our company profiles was obtained primarily from the companies themselves, especially the larger publicly owned firms. Other sources included directories, articles, and Internet sites.

ANALYST CREDENTIALS

Dr. J. Charles Forman has more than 50 years of chemical engineering and business experience in private business in the healthcare industry, at a major educational not–for–profit association, and as an independent technical writer and analyst. He is knowledgeable of the worldwide chemical process industries, with specialization in healthcare, petroleum and petrochemicals, specialty and agrichemicals, plastics, and packaging. He has written many market research reports for BCC Research on subjects including polymers and plastic packaging, petroleum processing, healthcare policy and products, food and feed additives, chemicals/petrochemicals/specialty chemicals, pesticides, biotechnology, catalysts, and spectroscopy.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 2
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY 5
INTENDED READERSHIP 6
SCOPE AND FORMAT 6
METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES 8
ANALYST CREDENTIALS 8
RELATED BCC REPORTS 9
BCC RESEARCH ONLINE SERVICES 9
DISCLAIMER 9
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 11
SUMMARY TABLE OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 12
SUMMARY FIGURE OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, 2012 AND
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 12
CHAPTER 3 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 15
SOME HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVE 15
THERMOSETTING ELASTOMERS (RUBBER COMPOUNDS) 17
Nomenclature/Acronyms 19
THERMOPLASTIC RESINS 20
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 22
IMPORTANCE OF HOSE AND TUBING TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY 23
TABLE 1 ANNUAL SHIPMENTS FOR SELECTED U.S. MANUFACTURING SECTORS,
2001-2009 ($ BILLIONS) 24
PRIMARY MARKETS FOR HOSE AND TUBING 26
AUTOMOTIVE HOSE AND TUBING 27
Air Conditioning (A/C) System Hose 28
Cooling System Hose 28
Fuel System Hose 28
Power Steering System Hose 29
Transmission Oil and Engine Oil Coolant Hose 29
Vacuum Hose 30
Other Automotive System Hose and Tubing 30
HYDRAULIC HOSE AND TUBING 30
INDUSTRIAL HOSE AND TUBING 31
Air Hose/Multipurpose Hose 31
Chemical/Petroleum Process and Transfer Hose 32
Fire Hose 32
Food Handling Hose and Tubing 32
Material Handling Hose 33
Steam Hose/Industrial Cleaning Hose 33
Other Industrial Hose 33
Industrial Tubing 33
CONSUMER AND HEALTHCARE HOSE AND TUBING 34
Garden Hose 34
Medical Tubing 35
Other Consumer Applications 35
CHAPTER 4 MARKETS BY MATERIALS 37
INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 37
THERMOSETTING ELASTOMERS 38
THERMOPLASTIC RESINS 38
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS (TPES) 38
THERMOPLASTIC VS. THERMOSETTING HOSE/TUBING MATERIALS 39
ELASTOMERIC VS. NON-ELASTOMERIC HOSE/TUBING MATERIALS 39
OVERALL MARKET ESTIMATE AND FORECAST 40
TABLE 2 OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 40
THERMOSETTING ELASTOMERS 41
EXTENDERS OR DILUENTS 43
FILLERS 43
PROTECTIVE CHEMICALS 43
TABLE 3 INFORMATION PARAMETERS FOR HOSE/TUBING MATERIAL SELECTION 44
NATURAL VS. SYNTHETIC RUBBER 46
Natural Rubber 46
Synthetic Rubber 47
TABLE 4 A COMPARISON OF RUBBER PROPERTIES 49
THERMOSETTING HOSE/TUBING MATERIALS: OVERALL MARKET ESTIMATE
AND FORECAST 49
TABLE 5 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOSETTING ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 50
Acrylate-Based Rubbers (ABR, ACM, EAM) 51
Market Analysis and Estimate 51
TABLE 6 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF ACRYLATE-BASED ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 52
Acrylate-Butadiene Rubber Properties 53
TABLE 7 ACRYLATE–BUTADIENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 53
Butyl (Isobutene-Isoprene) Rubber (IIR) 53
Market Analysis and Estimate 54
TABLE 8 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF BUTYL/HALOBUTYL RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 54
Butyl Rubber Properties 55
TABLE 9 BUTYL (ISOBUTENE–ISOPRENE) RUBBER PROPERTIES 55
Chlorinated Polyethylene Elastomer (CPE or CM) 56
Market Analysis and Estimate 56
TABLE 10 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE ELASTOMER
RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 57
CPE Rubber Properties 58
TABLE 11 CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE ELASTOMER PROPERTIES 58
Chloroprene Rubber (CR/Neoprene) 58
Market Analysis and Estimate 59
TABLE 12 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLOROPRENE (NEOPRENE) RUBBER USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 59
Chloroprene Rubber Properties 60
TABLE 13 CHLOROPRENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 60
Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber (CSM/Hypalon) 61
Market Analysis and Estimate 61
TABLE 14 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE RUBBER
USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 61
CSM Rubber Properties 62
TABLE 15 CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 62
Ethylene-Propylene Rubbers (EPR/EPM and EPDM) 63
Market Analysis and Estimate 64
TABLE 16 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE RUBBERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 64
EPDM Rubber Properties 65
TABLE 17 ETHYLENE–PROPYLENE–DIENE (EPDM) RUBBER PROPERTIES 65
Fluoroelastomers (CFM, FKM, FFKM) 66
CFM Elastomers 66
FKM Elastomers 66
FFKM Elastomers 67
FXM Elastomers 67
Market Analysis and Estimate 67
TABLE 18 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF FLUOROELASTOMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 68
Fluoroelastomer Properties 69
TABLE 19 FLUOROELASTOMER PROPERTIES 70
Natural Rubber (NR) 71
Market Analysis and Estimate 71
TABLE 20 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NATURAL RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 71
Natural Rubber Properties 72
TABLE 21 NATURAL RUBBER PROPERTIES 73
Nitrile (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene) Rubber (NBR) 73
Market Analysis and Estimate 73
TABLE 22 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NITRILE RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 74
Nitrile Rubber Properties 75
TABLE 23 ACRYLONITRILE–BUTADIENE (NITRILE) RUBBER PROPERTIES 75
Nitrile/PVC Blends (NBR/PVC) 76
TABLE 24 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NITRILE/PVC BLENDS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 77
Polyether Elastomers (CO, ECO, Etc.) 77
Market Analysis and Estimate 78
TABLE 25 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYETHER ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 78
Polyether Rubber Properties 79
TABLE 26 POLYETHER RUBBER PROPERTIES 79
Silicone Rubber (Q, MQ, VMQ, Etc.) 80
Market Analysis and Estimate 81
TABLE 27 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF SILICONE RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 81
Silicone Rubber Properties 82
TABLE 28 SILICONE RUBBER PROPERTIES 82
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) 83
Market Analysis and Estimate 83
TABLE 29 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 83
Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Properties 84
TABLE 30 STYRENE–BUTADIENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 85
COST/PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS 85
TABLE 31 COST-PERFORMANCE HIERARCHY FOR THERMO-SETTING ELASTOMERS 86
THERMOPLASTIC RESINS (NON-ELASTOMERIC) 86
TABLE 32 THERMOPLASTIC VERSUS THERMOSETTING MATERIALS 87
THERMOPLASTIC RESIN HOSE/TUBING MATERIALS: OVERALL MARKET
ESTIMATE AND FORECAST 88
TABLE 33 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC RESINS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 88
Fluoropolymers 88
Market Analysis and Estimate 89
TABLE 34 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF FLUOROPOLYMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 89
Important Fluoropolymer Hose and Tubing Uses 90
Fluoropolymer Properties 92
Polyamides (Nylons) 93
Market Analysis and Estimate 94
TABLE 35 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYAMIDES (NYLONS) USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 94
Polyamide Properties 95
Polyethylenes and Ethylene Copolymers 95
Market Analysis and Estimate 96
TABLE 36 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYETHYLENES USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 96
Polyethylene Properties 97
TABLE 37 PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF COMMON GRADES OF
POLYETHYLENE 97
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 99
Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) 99
Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) 100
Cross-linked Polyethylene 100
Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMW-HDPE or
UHMWPE) 101
Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers (EVA) 102
Polypropylene 103
Market Analysis and Estimate 103
TABLE 38 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYPROPYLENE USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 103
Polypropylene Properties 104
Polyvinyl Chloride 105
Market Analysis and Estimate 105
TABLE 39 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 105
PVC Properties 107
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS (TPE) 107
OVERALL MARKET ESTIMATE AND FORECAST 108
TABLE 40 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 108
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 109
TABLE 41 PROCESSING STEPS FOR THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS COMPARED TO
THERMOSETS 110
TYPES AND GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 111
TABLE 42 COMPARISON OF PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS CLASSES OF
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 112
Copolyester TPEs (COPEs) 112
Market Analysis and Estimate 113
TABLE 43 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF COPOLYESTER (COPE) TPES USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 113
Styrene Block Copolymers (SBS, SEBS, etc.) 114
Market Analysis and Estimate 115
TABLE 44 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF STYRENE BLOCK COPOLYMER TPES USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 115
Thermoplastic Olefins (TPO) 115
Market Analysis and Estimate 116
TABLE 45 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC OLEFIN TPOS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 116
Thermoplastic Alloys (TPVs and MPRs) 117
Market Analysis and Estimate 117
TABLE 46 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC ALLOY TPES USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 117
Thermoplastic Polyurethanes (TPUs) 118
Market Analysis and Estimate 118
TABLE 47 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES (TPUS) USED
IN U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 119
Thermoplastic Polyamides 120
Market Analysis and Estimate 120
COST/PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 120
TABLE 48 COST-PERFORMANCE HIERARCHY FOR THERMO- PLASTIC ELASTOMERS 121
CHAPTER 5 MARKETS BY MAJOR APPLICATIONS 123
GENERAL OVERVIEW AND MARKET STRUCTURE 123
OVERALL MARKET ESTIMATE AND FORECAST 123
POLYMERIC MATERIALS MARKET VOLUME ESTIMATES 124
TABLE 49 OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE HOSE AND TUBING, BY MAJOR APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 124
HOSE AND TUBING MARKET VALUES 125
AUTOMOTIVE/AERONAUTIC HOSE AND TUBING 126
MARKET ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATE 127
TABLE 50 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING: AUTOMOTIVE/AERONAUTICAL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 127
UNDER-THE-HOOD HOSE AND TUBING 128
Market Analysis and Estimate 128
TABLE 51 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING FOR AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD APPLICATIONS,
THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 129
Air-conditioning System 129
Cooling System 130
Fuel System 131
Power Steering System 133
Transmission Oil and Engine Oil Coolant Hose 133
Vacuum Systems 134
Unclassified/Other Automotive Hose and Tubing 134
AIR BRAKE HOSE 134
AERONAUTICAL APPLICATIONS 135
HYDRAULIC HOSE 136
MARKET ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATE 138
TABLE 52 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE: HYDRAULIC HOSE THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 138
THERMOPLASTIC HYDRAULIC HOSE 139
THERMOSET HYDRAULIC HOSE 140
INDUSTRIAL HOSE 140
MARKET ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATE 141
TABLE 53 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS IN U.S. FLEXIBLE HOSE
FOR INDUSTRIAL HOSE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 141
AIR AND MULTIPURPOSE HOSE 142
CHEMICAL/PETROLEUM PROCESS AND TRANSFER HOSE 142
Chemical Hose 143
Petroleum Hose 143
Petroleum Transfer Hose 144
Petroleum Dock Hose 145
Offshore Well Product Transfer Hose 145
Petroleum Dispensing Hose 146
FIRE HOSE 146
FOOD HANDLING HOSE 147
MATERIAL HANDLING HOSE 148
STEAM HOSE/EQUIPMENT CLEANING HOSE 148
UNCLASSIFIED/OTHER INDUSTRIAL HOSE 149
INDUSTRIAL TUBING 149
MAJOR MARKETS FOR INDUSTRIAL TUBING 149
MARKET ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATE 150
TABLE 54 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
TUBING FOR INDUSTRIAL TUBING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 151
THERMOSETTING ELASTOMER INDUSTRIAL TUBING 152
THERMOPLASTIC RESINS (NON-ELASTOMERIC) INDUSTRIAL TUBING 152
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERIC INDUSTRIAL TUBING 153
CHEMICAL TUBING 154
FOOD AND BEVERAGE TUBING 154
FUEL AND LUBRICANT TUBING 155
HYDRAULIC/PNEUMATIC CONTROL TUBING 156
INSTRUMENTATION TUBING 156
LABORATORY TUBING 157
Commodity Thermoplastic Resins 157
Fluoropolymers 158
Silicone Rubber Tubing 158
Vacuum Tubing 158
NATURAL GAS TUBING 158
TELECOMMUNICATIONS TUBING 158
ULTRAPURE MATERIALS TRANSPORT TUBING 159
WATER TUBING (DRAIN-LINES, SPRAY TUBING, ETC.) 159
UNCLASSIFIED/OTHER INDUSTRIAL TUBING 160
CONSUMER AND HEALTHCARE HOSE AND TUBING 160
MARKET ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATE 160
TABLE 55 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING FOR CONSUMER AND HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 160
GARDEN HOSE 161
MEDICAL TUBING 162
Thermoplastic Medical Tubing 163
Thermosetting Elastomer Medical Tubing 164
Catheters 164
Drainage, Suction, and Connection Tubing 165
Tubing for Intravenous (IV) Solution Sets 166
Tubing for other Medical Bags and Systems 166
Peristaltic Pump Tubing 166
Ventilation and Oxygen Tubing 167
Other Medical Tubing 167
OTHER CONSUMER APPLICATIONS 168
LPG and Natural Gas Hose 168
Pool and Spa Hose 168
Vacuum Cleaner Hose 168
CHAPTER 6 TECHNOLOGY 170
OVERVIEW TO TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES 170
MANUFACTURE OF HOSE AND TUBING MATERIALS 170
RUBBER MANUFACTURING PROCESSES 170
NATURAL RUBBER MANUFACTURE 172
Natural Rubber Structure 173
SYNTHETIC RUBBER MANUFACTURE 173
Emulsion Polymerization 173
Mass Polymerization 173
Solution Polymerization 174
ACRYLATE-BASED RUBBERS (ABR, ACM, EAM) 174
BUTYL (ISOBUTENE-ISOPRENE) RUBBER (IIR) 174
Halobutyl Rubber 175
CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE ELASTOMER (CPE) 176
CHLOROPRENE RUBBER (CR) 176
CHLOROSULFONYL POLYETHYLENE RUBBER (CSM) 177
ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE RUBBERS (EPM/EPR AND EPDM) 178
FLUOROELASTOMERS 178
NITRILE (ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE) RUBBER (NBR) 179
POLYETHER ELASTOMERS (CO AND ECO) 179
SILICONE RUBBER 180
STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) 180
RUBBER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE 181
FILLERS AND REINFORCING AGENTS 181
SOFTENERS 182
ACCELERATORS 182
SULFUR 182
SYNTHETIC POLYMER MANUFACTURE 182
FLUOROPOLYMERS 183
TABLE 56 FLUOROPOLYMER NAMES AND ACRONYMS 184
TABLE 57 FLUOROPOLYMER RAW MATERIALS AND SYNTHETIC ROUTES 184
POLYAMIDES (NYLONS) 185
POLYETHYLENES AND ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS 185
Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) 186
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 187
Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) 187
Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) 187
POLYPROPYLENE 188
Atactic PP 188
Isotactic PP 188
Syndiotactic PP 189
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE 189
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER (TPE) MANUFACTURE 190
COPOLYESTER TPES (COPE OR ETE) 191
STYRENIC BLOCK COPOLYMER TPES 191
THERMOPLASTIC POLYOLEFIN ELASTOMERS (TPO) 192
THERMOPLASTIC ALLOY ELASTOMERS (TPV AND MPR) 193
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPV) 194
Single Phase Melt Processable Rubber (MPR) 194
THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE ELASTOMERS (TPU) 195
HOSE AND TUBING MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES 196
HOSE MANUFACTURE 196
Non-Mandrel Hose 196
Rigid Mandrel Hose 197
Flexible Mandrel Hose 197
Wrapped Ply Hose (Machine Built) 197
Wrapped Ply Hose (Hand Built) 198
Circular Woven Hose 198
Spiral Ply Hose 198
TUBING MANUFACTURE 199
TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS 199
AUTOMOTIVE HOSE AND TUBING 200
HYDRAULIC HOSE AND TUBING 200
INDUSTRIAL HOSE 200
INDUSTRIAL TUBING 201
MEDICAL TUBING 201
APPLICATIONS-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENTS 201
Automotive Hose 201
Hydraulic Hose 204
Industrial Hose 204
HOSE AND TUBING FABRICATION DEVELOPMENTS 204
Automotive Hose and Tubing 205
Hydraulic Hose 206
THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER DEVELOPMENTS 207
Fluoropolymers 207
Polyamides (Nylons) 207
Polyethylenes and Ethylene Copolymers 208
Polypropylene 209
Polyvinyl Chloride and Other Vinyl Resins 209
THERMOSET POLYMER DEVELOPMENTS 210
Chloroprene Rubber (CR) 210
Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene Rubber 211
Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubber (EPDM) 211
Fluoroelastomers 212
Nitrile Rubber (NBR) 212
Polyether Elastomers (CO and ECO) 213
Silicone Rubber 213
Styrene-Butadiene-Rubber (SBR) 214
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER DEVELOPMENTS 214
ELASTOMERIC POLYMER BLENDS 214
CHAPTER 7 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE FACTORS 216
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 216
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION 217
RECENT MERGERS, ACQUISITIONS, AND OTHER CORPORATE CHANGES 218
ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS 219
CUSTOM EXTRUSION 219
DISTRIBUTION 220
INTERMATERIAL COMPETITION 221
SOME INTERNATIONAL ISSUES 221
CHAPTER 8 REGULATORY, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND PUBLIC FACTORS 224
STANDARDS-WRITING AND REGULATORY ORGANIZATIONS 224
AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR 225
TABLE 58 REPRESENTATIVE SAE STANDARDS FOR AUTOMOTIVE HOSE AND
TUBING 226
DRINKING WATER 226
FOOD INDUSTRY 227
REGULATORY ISSUES 228
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 229
HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS FROM MOTOR VEHICLES AND FACILITIES 229
LEVELS OF EXTRACTABLES 230
CHLORINE AND CHLORINATED COMPOUNDS 231
CARCINOGENS 231
OSHA STANDARDS 232
RECYCLING AND USE OF RECYCLED MATERIALS 232
PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS 233
CHAPTER 9 SUPPLIER COMPANY PROFILES 236
INTRODUCTION 236
SUPPLIER COMPANIES 237
ARKEMA, INC. 237
ASHLAND INC./ASHLAND ELASTOMERS 238
AVON AUTOMOTIVE 238
BASF GROUP 239
BASF POLYURETHANES NORTH AMERICA 239
BAYER GROUP 239
BRIDGESTONE/FIRESTONE INC. 240
CELANESE CORPORATION/TICONA 241
CHEMTURA CORPORATION 242
COOPER-STANDARD AUTOMOTIVE, INC. 243
CRANE RESISTOFLEX 243
DAIKIN INDUSTRIES LTD. DAIKIN AMERICA INC. 244
DEXCO POLYMERS LP 244
THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY 244
DOW CORNING CORPORATION 246
DSM 246
E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY 247
EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY 248
EATON CORPORATION PLC 249
ENTEGRIS, INC. 250
EXXONMOBIL CORPORATION 250
FLEXMASTER U.S.A. INC. - SEE MASTERDUCT HOLDING, INC. 252
FLUORTUBING USA 252
GATES & TOMKINS LTD. 253
THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY 253
HBD INDUSTRIES/HBD THERMOID, INC. 254
HITACHI CABLE, LTD. 254
INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTY PRODUCTS - SEE ASHLAND INC. 255
KANAFLEX CORPORATION 255
KEY FIRE HOSE 255
KRATON PERFORMANCE POLYMERS, INC. 256
KURARAY AMERICA, INC. 256
KURIYAMA OF AMERICA, INC. 257
LANXESS CORPORATION 258
LION COPOLYMER LLC 259
THE LUBRIZOL CORPORATION 259
LYONDELLBASELL INDUSTRIES/EQUISTAR CHEMICALS LP 260
MARK IV, LLC 261
MASTERDUCT HOLDING, INC. 261
MINNESOTA MINING & MANUFACTURING COMPANY 262
MOMENTIVE PERFORMANCE MATERIALS INC. 263
MYTEX POLYMERS U.S. CORPORATION 263
NEW AGE INDUSTRIES, INC. 264
THE NOVAFLEX GROUP/FLEXMASTER CANADA - SEE MASTERDUCT
HOLDING, INC. 265
OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. 265
PACCAR INC./DYNACRAFT 265
PARKER HANNIFIN CORPORATION 265
PLASTIFLEX COMPANY INC. 266
POLYONE CORPORATION/ GLS THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS 267
SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE PLASTICS CORPORATION 268
SCHULMAN (A.) INC. 269
SNAP-TITE INC. - SEE PARKER HANNIFIN CORPORATION 269
SOLVAY SPECIALTY POLYMERS USA LLC 269
STYRON LLC 270
TEEL PLASTICS, INC. 270
TEKNI-PLEX INC. 271
TEKNOR APEX COMPANY 272
TI AUTOMOTIVE 273
TITEFLEX CORPORATION 273
TOSOH USA, INC. 274
TOYODA GOSEI CO., LTD 274
ZEON CORPORATION 275
ZEUS, INC. 276
CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX: GLOSSARY OF IMPORTANT TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS,
ACRONYMS AND SO FORTH 278

LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 12
TABLE 1 ANNUAL SHIPMENTS FOR SELECTED U.S. MANUFACTURING SECTORS,
2001-2009 ($ BILLIONS) 24
TABLE 2 OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 40
TABLE 3 INFORMATION PARAMETERS FOR HOSE/TUBING MATERIAL SELECTION 44
TABLE 4 A COMPARISON OF RUBBER PROPERTIES 49
TABLE 5 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOSETTING ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 50
TABLE 6 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF ACRYLATE-BASED ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 52
TABLE 7 ACRYLATE–BUTADIENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 53
TABLE 8 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF BUTYL/HALOBUTYL RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 54
TABLE 9 BUTYL (ISOBUTENE–ISOPRENE) RUBBER PROPERTIES 55
TABLE 10 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE ELASTOMER
RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 57
TABLE 11 CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE ELASTOMER PROPERTIES 58
TABLE 12 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLOROPRENE (NEOPRENE) RUBBER USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 59
TABLE 13 CHLOROPRENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 60
TABLE 14 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE RUBBER
USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 61
TABLE 15 CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 62
TABLE 16 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE RUBBERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 64
TABLE 17 ETHYLENE–PROPYLENE–DIENE (EPDM) RUBBER PROPERTIES 65
TABLE 18 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF FLUOROELASTOMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 68
TABLE 19 FLUOROELASTOMER PROPERTIES 70
TABLE 20 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NATURAL RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 71
TABLE 21 NATURAL RUBBER PROPERTIES 73
TABLE 22 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NITRILE RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 74
TABLE 23 ACRYLONITRILE–BUTADIENE (NITRILE) RUBBER PROPERTIES 75
TABLE 24 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF NITRILE/PVC BLENDS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 77
TABLE 25 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYETHER ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 78
TABLE 26 POLYETHER RUBBER PROPERTIES 79
TABLE 27 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF SILICONE RUBBER USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 81
TABLE 28 SILICONE RUBBER PROPERTIES 82
TABLE 29 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBER USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 83
TABLE 30 STYRENE–BUTADIENE RUBBER PROPERTIES 85
TABLE 31 COST-PERFORMANCE HIERARCHY FOR THERMO-SETTING ELASTOMERS 86
TABLE 32 THERMOPLASTIC VERSUS THERMOSETTING MATERIALS 87
TABLE 33 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC RESINS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 88
TABLE 34 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF FLUOROPOLYMERS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 89
TABLE 35 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYAMIDES (NYLONS) USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 94
TABLE 36 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYETHYLENES USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 96
TABLE 37 PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF COMMON GRADES OF POLYETHYLENE 97
TABLE 38 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYPROPYLENE USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 103
TABLE 39 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 105
TABLE 40 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY TYPES OF MATERIALS, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 108
TABLE 41 PROCESSING STEPS FOR THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS COMPARED TO
THERMOSETS 110
TABLE 42 COMPARISON OF PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS CLASSES OF THERMOPLASTIC
ELASTOMERS 112
TABLE 43 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF COPOLYESTER (COPE) TPES USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 113
TABLE 44 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF STYRENE BLOCK COPOLYMER TPES USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 115
TABLE 45 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC OLEFIN TPOS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 116
TABLE 46 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC ALLOY TPES USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 117
TABLE 47 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANES (TPUS) USED IN
U.S. FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 119
TABLE 48 COST-PERFORMANCE HIERARCHY FOR THERMO- PLASTIC ELASTOMERS 121
TABLE 49 OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE HOSE AND TUBING, BY MAJOR APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION
POUNDS) 124
TABLE 50 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING: AUTOMOTIVE/AERONAUTICAL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017
(MILLION POUNDS) 127
TABLE 51 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING FOR AUTOMOTIVE UNDER-THE-HOOD APPLICATIONS, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 129
TABLE 52 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE: HYDRAULIC HOSE THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 138
TABLE 53 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS IN U.S. FLEXIBLE HOSE FOR
INDUSTRIAL HOSE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 141
TABLE 54 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
TUBING FOR INDUSTRIAL TUBING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 151
TABLE 55 VOLUME ESTIMATE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS USED IN U.S. FLEXIBLE
HOSE AND TUBING FOR CONSUMER AND HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 160
TABLE 56 FLUOROPOLYMER NAMES AND ACRONYMS 184
TABLE 57 FLUOROPOLYMER RAW MATERIALS AND SYNTHETIC ROUTES 184
TABLE 58 REPRESENTATIVE SAE STANDARDS FOR AUTOMOTIVE HOSE AND TUBING 226

LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE OVERALL VOLUME ESTIMATE OF MATERIALS USED IN U.S.
FLEXIBLE POLYMERIC HOSE AND TUBING, BY MATERIAL CATEGORIES, 2012 AND
2017 (MILLION POUNDS) 12

To order this report:
Resin_and_Rubber Industry: Polymeric Flexible Hose & Tubing

__________________________

Contact Clare: [email protected]
US:(339) 368 6001
Intl:+1 339 368 6001

SOURCE Reportlinker