11 Countries and Regions Climb in Ranking in Top 100 for Gasoline Sulfur Limits

For decades, policymakers and industry leaders have placed emphasis on reducing sulfur limits in fuels to prevent environmental and health effects caused by fuel combustion. Since January 2009, the European Union required 100% market penetration of sulfur-free fuels - less than 10 ppm - which has positioned these countries as the top 40 leaders in sulfur reduction. Germany, which led the way with full market penetration in 2003, continues to reign at No. 1.

"Out of the 10 countries and one territory state, seven improved their standings as a result of enacting more stringent fuel quality legislation in the past year," Huiming Li, Director of Global Fuel Specifications for Stratas Advisors said. "Stratas Advisors' routine evaluations of sulfur specification changes helps point our attention to regional advancements, political changes and developing technologies supporting stricter fuel specifications across the world."

This year's ranking highlights 10 countries and a territory state implementing stricter sulfur limits or supplied lower sulfur gasoline. The 11 include:

• Armenia
• Bhutan
• Bosnia & Herzegovina
• China
• Gabon
• Georgia
• India
• Iraq
• Macau
• Russia
• Suriname

Out of these 10 countries and territory state, Gabon was newly added to the Top 100 ranking for the first time entering at 81^st place with a max sulfur limit of 250 ppm, while Macau jumped the farthest by 71 places to rank at 45^th, followed by Suriname with 32 places to rank at 49^th and Iraq with 31 places to rank at 68^th. Since January 1, 2017, Macau implemented 10 ppm sulfur gasoline nationwide, while for Suriname, Stratas Advisors found that Staatsolie supplied 10 ppm sulfur fuels since December 2015, although the national gasoline sulfur limit is unknown at this stage.

To establish the rankings, four primary criteria were applied, in order of importance:

1. Maximum approved limits in national standards and legislation
2. Year of implementation for sulfur limits as required by legislation, and year of voluntary implementation — if any
3. Limits in local or regional standards (such as specifications for cities or states)
4. Market levels are used where necessary to help rank countries sharing the same legislated limit

The report summary can be found under Stratas' Insights, and the full report is available to members of Stratas Advisors' Global Fuels Specifications service, which holds the complete list of rankings and other key information about sulfur content in gasoline.

About Stratas Advisors
Stratas Advisors, a Hart Energy company, is a leading global consulting and analytics provider for upstream, midstream and downstream energy markets and related sectors, such as automotive; transportation; power; petrochemicals and heavy industries. Stratas Advisors' team of experts provides data and strategic insights to companies seeking to understand key drivers shaping development. Stratas Advisors' consultants and analysts offer forward-looking perspectives to help energy decision makers leverage opportunities, mitigate risk and implement strategies. Stratas Advisors is headquartered in Houston with offices in Brussels and Singapore. To learn more about their offerings, visit StratasAdvisors.com.

SOURCE Stratas Advisors

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