New Study: About 80% of Public Schools in San Francisco-Oakland Area Are Within 1,000 Feet of Tobacco Retailers

Easy Access to Tobacco, Availability of Kid-Friendly Flavored Products Increase Risk of Youth Nicotine Addiction

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Aug 12, 2020, 08:00 ET

WASHINGTON, Aug. 12, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- An overwhelming percentage of public schools in San Francisco (81.5%) and Oakland (79%) are within 1,000 feet – about two city blocks – of a tobacco retailer, according to a comprehensive new study mapping tobacco retailers in 30 major U.S. cities. The study was conducted by researchers from the Stanford University School of Medicine, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Washington University in St. Louis.

Other key findings for the Bay Area include:

Tobacco retailers are concentrated in low-income areas. In Oakland, there are nearly 10 times more tobacco retailers per square mile in the lowest-income neighborhoods than in the highest-income neighborhoods, as defined by data from the U.S. Census. In San Francisco, there are nearly twice as many tobacco retailers in lowest-income neighborhoods than in highest-income neighborhoods.
Tobacco retailers are ubiquitous. In San Francisco, there are 59 times more tobacco retailers than McDonald's restaurants and 9 times more than Starbucks. In Oakland, there are 40 times more tobacco retailers than McDonald's restaurants and 24 times more than Starbucks.
Tobacco retailers are easy to access. Some 92% of San Francisco residents and 82% of Oakland residents live within a half mile, or about a ten-minute walk, of a tobacco retailer.

Across the 30 cities, the study found, on average, that 63% of public schools are located within 1,000 feet of a tobacco retailer, and the lowest-income neighborhoods have nearly five times more tobacco retailers than the highest-income neighborhoods. On average, 70% of residents across the 30 cities live within a half mile of a tobacco retailer.

"In city after city, this research shows just how pervasive tobacco retailers are in our neighborhoods and near our schools. Retailers give the tobacco industry a massive footprint where it spends nearly a million dollars every hour on retail advertising and discounts to appeal to youth and other price-sensitive customers," said Lisa Henriksen, PhD, senior research scientist at the Stanford University School of Medicine and lead researcher on the study.

"This study powerfully illustrates how the tobacco industry continues to target kids and vulnerable communities in San Francisco, Oakland and across the nation," said Matthew L. Myers, President of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, which provided support for the release of the study. "The tobacco industry is hooking a new generation of kids by aggressively marketing its products, including flavored e-cigarettes and menthol cigarettes, in locations where kids are continually exposed and have easy access. To protect kids, California lawmakers should follow the lead of San Francisco, Oakland and other cities by ending the sale of flavored tobacco products."

To stop the tobacco industry from targeting kids, the California State Legislature is considering legislation to end the sale of flavored tobacco products. A bill has passed the state Senate and is working its way through the Assembly. Both San Francisco and Oakland have already enacted citywide bans on the sale of flavored tobacco products.

Funded by the National Cancer Institute, the new study was conducted by the Advancing Science and Practice in the Retail Environment (ASPiRE) Center, a collaborative that investigates how tobacco retailer density and innovative retail tobacco interventions impact people and communities. Using a wide range of data from state and local governments and other sources, the researchers mapped retailers that sell cigarettes, e-cigarettes and other tobacco products in 30 large cities across the United States, providing the most comprehensive study to date showing the ubiquity of tobacco retailers and their proximity to schools. Approximately 29 million adults and 8 million children (1 in 9 U.S. residents) live in these 30 cities.

According to the researchers, "Living in neighborhoods with a higher concentration of tobacco retailers makes youth more likely to start using tobacco and makes quitting more difficult. In addition, higher concentrations of tobacco retailers in disadvantaged neighborhoods contribute to health disparities."

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, resulting in over 480,000 deaths and $170 billion in health care expenses each year.

While the U.S. has greatly reduced cigarette smoking, youth use of e-cigarettes has skyrocketed in recent years. According to the 2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey, e-cigarette use among high school students nationwide more than doubled between 2017 and 2019 (from 11.7% to 27.5%) and over 5.3 million U.S. kids now use e-cigarettes. Research shows that 97% of current youth e-cigarette users used a flavored product in the past month, and 80% of youth who had ever used tobacco started with a flavored product.

In California, 2% of high school students smoke traditional cigarettes, while 10.9% use e-cigarettes. Tobacco use claims 40,000 lives in California each year.

About the ASPiRE Center

Funded by the National Cancer Institute, Advancing Science and Practice in the Retail Environment (ASPiRE) Center is a collaborative that investigates how tobacco retailer density and innovative retail tobacco interventions impact people and communities. The Center's goal is to build a strong base of scientific evidence for effective retail policies to reduce tobacco use, tobacco-related disparities and the public health burden of tobacco. ASPiRE researchers from the Stanford University School of Medicine, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Washington University in St. Louis work in partnership with a Community Advisory Board (CAB) comprised of tobacco control program staff from 30 large U.S. cities, representatives from several tobacco control organizations and agencies, and legal experts.

About the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids

The Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids is the leading advocacy organization working to reduce tobacco use and its deadly consequences in the United States and around the world. Through strategic communications and policy advocacy campaigns, Tobacco-Free Kids promotes the adoption of proven solutions that are most effective at reducing tobacco use and save the most lives. Tobacco-Free Kids works in partnership with the ASPiRE Center as a member of its Community Advisory Board (CAB).

SOURCE Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids