Reportlinker Adds Fuel Cells, Hydrogen Energy and Related nanotechnologies

NEW YORK, Jan. 7 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Fuel Cells, Hydrogen Energy and Related nanotechnologies

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0170058/ Fuel-Cells-Hydrogen-Energy-and-Related-nanotechnologies.html

REPORT SUMMARY

The lure of fuel cells is the promise to be one of the most ubiquitous products of the 21st century. Fuel cells can compete with batteries, the internal combustion engine and the power grid. Hydrogen can compete with any fuel now produced and cause no pollution, but its price is higher than gasoline or natural gas because it is difficult to transport and store. Nanotechnologies will provide the technological keys that enable fuel cells and hydrogen as a fuel to become competitive and commonplace.

The fuel cell and hydrogen energy industry is highly fragmented. The iRAP study identified most of these companies, research institutions and universities.

Major findings of this report are:

iRAP study identified 3,870 organizations involved in fuel cells, hydrogen energy and related nanotechnology and spent an estimated $8.4 billion in 2008.

More than 2,180 organizations are involved in nanotechnology related to fuel cells and hydrogen energy and will spend a total of $4.7 billion for fuel cells and hydrogen energy incorporating nanotechnology.

Another 1,690 organizations (44%) are involved with fuel cells and hydrogen energy but not related nanotechnology. They are involved with valves, piping, power electronics, pumps, compressors, fans and other fuel cell system parts.

Of the $4.7 billion, about $2 billion in 2008 expenditures, or 24% of the total spending, represents the value of nanotechnology for fuel cells and hydrogen energy separate from all other expenditures.

The organizations are made up of well established corporations, start-up companies, universities, governments at the federal, state and municipal level, cooperative public/private demonstrations, as well as non-profit organizations and laboratories.

Those organizations involved in nanotechnology are developing electrodes, catalysts, and membranes, as well as nano coatings, thermal and filtration products for fuel cells and materials for hydrogen production, purification and storage.

More than half the organizations involved in fuel cells, hydrogen energy and related nanotechnology have overlapping interests and are developing more than one kind of fuel cell or technology for more than one type of fuel cell.

Significant gaps still exists in the manufacturing processes for membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), the heart of fuel cells, for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).

Nanotechnologies have been proven to substantially improve the performance and durability of PEMFCs, DMFCs and SOFCs, and to a more limited extent molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) and phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFCs).

Nanotechnologies offer a potential avenue for safe, solid storage of hydrogen for vehicles as well as methods of producing and purifying hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels for use in fuel cells or via electrolysis of water or ammonia.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION I

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES II

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY III

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY IV

SCOPE AND FORMAT IV

METHODOLOGY V

INFORMATION SOURCES VI

WHOM THE STUDY CATERS TO VII

AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS VIII

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IX

SUMMARY TABLE A SUMMARY OF WORLD VALUE FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008 X

SUMMARY FIGURE A NANOTECHNOLOGY, FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY BY NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED, 2008 X

SUMMARY TABLE B VALUE OF FUEL CELLS, HYDROGEN AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008 XI

SUMMARY FIGURE B SHARE OF NANO-ENABLED FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY WITH THAT OF THE TOTAL, 2008 XI

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 1

TABLE 1 VALUE FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY TYPE, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008 2

FIGURE 1 TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS VALUE AND NANO TECHNOLOGY VALUE, 2008 3

TABLE 2 VALUE OF FUEL CELL NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2009-2014 CAGR 4

TABLE 3 VALUE OF FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2009-2014 CAGR 6

FIGURE 2 WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN FUEL CELLS, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGIES, 2009 7

TABLE 4 WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN FUEL CELLS, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGIES, 2009 8

FUEL CELL MARKETS BY NATION 8

FIGURE 3 TOP 20 COUNTRIES IN FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT 9

TABLE 5 TOP TWENTY COUNTRIES IN FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, 2008 10

FIGURE 4 FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY MARKET VALUE BY NATION, 2008 (TOTAL VALUE $8.8 BILLION) 11

NANOTECHNOLOGY MARKETS BY NATION 12

TABLE 6 WORLDWIDE VALUE OF FUEL CELLS, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY BY NATION, 2008 13

MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY 14

TABLE 7 FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY PARAMETERS, 2009 14

TABLE 8 VALUE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY RELATED TO FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY & HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2008 15

FIGURE 5 VALUE OF FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC), HYDROGEN ENERGY, AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008 ($ MILLIONS) 16

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 16

DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 17

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS & NANOTECHNOLOGY 18

MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 19

PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 20

HYDROGEN ENERGY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 21

MATERIALS/CATALYSTS 23

MARKETS BY APPLICATION 25

TABLE 9 WORLD VALUE FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS: PORTABLE, STATIONARY, VEHICLE, FUEL, CAGR 2009-2014 ($ MILLIONS) 25

TABLE 10 VALUE OF FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS: PORTABLE, STATIONARY, VEHICLE, FUEL, 2009-2014 CAGR 26

FIGURE 6 PERCENT HYDROGEN USE BY FUEL CELL APPLICATION, 2014 27

TABLE 11 HYDROGEN USE BY FUEL CELL APPLICATION, 2014 28

FIGURE 7 WORLD VALUE OF ALL FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION, 2008 ($ MILLIONS) 29

TABLE 12 NANOTECHNOLOGY VALUE RELATED TO FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN BY APPLICATION, 2008 29

FIGURE 8 WORLD FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY BY APPLICATION 2008 30

TABLE 13 NANOTECHNOLOGY VALUE RELATED TO FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN BY APPLICATION ALONG WITH NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED, 2008 31

PORTABLE 32

TABLE 14 VALUE OF PORTABLE FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS, 2009-2014 CAGR 33

MILITARY 1W TO 5KW 34

SMALL ELECTRONICS (

LARGE ELECTRONICS (20 W-250 W) 37

BATTERY CHARGING (1 W-1 KW) 37

OTHER 1W-1KW APPLICATIONS 38

STATIONARY 40

FIGURE 9 GLOBAL ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION CAPACITY, 2009 (GIGAWATTS) 40

TABLE 15 GIGAWATTS NEW ANNUAL ELECTRIC POWER BY CONTINENT, 2009 41

TABLE 16 CUMULATIVE STATIONARY FUEL CELL GROWTH BY MEGAWATT 2008-2014 42

TABLE 17 CONTRASTING VALUE OF FUEL CELL MEGAWATTS IN U.S. & JAPAN, 2009 43

TABLE 18 ALL FUEL CELLS HIGH PENETRATION STATIONARY, 2009-2004 44

TABLE 19 MIDDLE PENETRATION FUEL CELL STATIONARY MARKET, 2009-2014 45

TABLE 20 LOW ESTIMATE: STATIONARY MARKET PENETRATION 2009-2014 46

TABLE 21 CUMULATIVE VALUE OF INSTALLED FUEL CELL BASE, 2009-2014 46

TABLE 22 VALUE OF MEGAWATTS FROM CUMULATIVE FUEL CELL INSTALLATIONS 2009-2014 47

TABLE 23 HYDROGEN CONSUMPTION BY CUMULATIVE FUEL CELL INSTALLATIONS, 2009-2014 48

TABLE 24 STATIONARY FUEL CELL VALUES COMPARISON MW, MWHS, H2 KG CONSUMPTION, 2009-2014 49

TABLE 25 LONG TERM ELECTRIC POWER GROWTH BY REGION 2005-2030 50

TABLE 26 WORLD GIGAWATTS COMPARED TO FUEL CELL GIGAWATTS, 2009 51

FIGURE 10 U.S. STATIONARY MARKET SHARES: INDUSTRIAL, RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL, 2009 52

TABLE 27 COST OF COMPETING POWER GENERATING TECHNOLOGIES 53

TABLE 27 COST OF COMPETING POWER GENERATING TECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED) 54

RESIDENTIAL POWER 55

TABLE 28 FUEL CELL MARKET PENETRATION: IRAP RESIDENTIAL CONSENSUS CAGR 2009-2014 55

TABLE 29 WORLD MARKET FOR RESIDENTIAL ELECTRIC POWER VALUE AND GIGAWATTS, 2009-2014 56

TABLE 30 HIGH FUEL CELL PENETRATION RESIDENTIAL MARKET, 2009-2014 57

TABLE 31 MID-RANGE FUEL CELL RESIDENTIAL PENETRATION SCENARIO 58

TABLE 32 LOW RESIDENTIAL FUEL CELL PENETRATION SCENARIO 59

FIGURE 11 RESIDENTIAL FUEL CELL SYSTEMS, 2007 61

FIGURE 12 PEMFC FUEL CELL CHP SCHEME AND JAPANESE RESIDENTIAL FUEL CELL PRODUCTS, 2009 62

TABLE 33 LARGE-SCALE FUEL CELL DEMONSTRATION PROJECT SUPPLIER & MANUFACTURER 63

TABLE 34 FUEL CELL MANUFACTURER MARKET SHARES OF JAPANESE RESIDENTIAL MARKET, 2008 64

FIGURE 13 MARKET SHARES OF JAPANESE RESIDENTIAL DEMONSTRATION PROJECT, 2008 65

TABLE 35 JAPANESE STATIONARY FUEL CELL MARKET, 2007 65

TABLE 36 JAPANESE SUBSIDIES FOR 1-KW FUEL CELL CHP 2005-2008 66

FIGURE 14 MARKET SHARES OF JAPANESE FUEL CELL MARKET BY INSTALLER, 2007 68

TABLE 37 RESIDENTIAL FUEL CELL INSTALLER MARKET SHARES, JAPAN 2007 68

COMMERCIAL MARKET 69

TABLE 38 FUELCELL PENETRATION, COMMERCIAL MARKET, 2009-2014 69

TABLE 39 WORLD MARKET FOR COMMERCIAL ELECTRIC POWER, 70

2009-2014 70

TABLE 40 HIGH FUEL CELL PENETRATION COMMERCIAL MARKET, 2007-2014 73

TABLE 41 MIDDLE FUEL CELL PENETRATION COMMERCIAL MARKET, 2007-2014 73

TABLE 42 LOW FUEL CELL PENETRATION COMMERCIAL MARKET, 2009-2014 74

INDUSTRIAL MARKET 74

TABLE 43 INDUSTRIAL FUEL CELL MARKET PENETRATION, 2009-2014 75

TABLE 44 VALUE & GW WORLD INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICITY GROWTH, 2009-2014 76

TABLE 45 FUEL CELL INDUSTRIAL MARKET, 2009-2014 CAGR 77

TABLE 46 INDUSTRIAL FUEL CELL MID-MARKET PENETRATION 78

TABLE 47 INDUSTRIAL FUEL CELL HIGH MARKET PENETRATION 79

BACK-UP/UNINTERRUPTIBLE SUPPLY/STAND-BY 80

TABLE 48 SUMMARY FUEL CELL BACKUP POWER MARKET FOR FOUR APPLICATIONS, 2009-2014 81

TABLE 49 VALUE FC BACK-UP POWER, 2009-2014 81

TABLE 50 BACK-UP POWER FOR WIRELESS STATION MARKET, 2009-2014 83

TABLE 51 BACK-UP POWER FOR WIRELINE STATIONS 84

TABLE 52 FUEL CELL BACK-UP POWER FOR UTILITY STATIONS, 2009-2014 85

TABLE 53 BACK-UP POWER FOR BROADBAND STATIONS, 2009-2014 86

TABLE 54 ANNUAL U.S. FEDERAL MARKET FOR UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY, 2008-2014 87

TABLE 55 FUEL CELL VEHICLE APPLICATIONS VALUE, 2009-2014 90

PASSENGER VEHICLES 91

FIGURE 15 TECHNOLOGY STATUS OF FUEL CELLS FOR TRANSPORTATION, 2007 92

FIGURE 16 EUROPEAN H2 & FUEL CELL DEMONSTRATION ROADMAP FOR ROAD VEHICLES, 2008-2015 95

TABLE 56 COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENTS BETWEEN FUEL CELL AUTOMOBILES AND FUEL CELL SCOOTERS, 2009 96

AEROSPACE AND AVIATION INDUSTRY 97

FIGURE 17 FUEL CELL AVIATION APPLICATIONS 98

TABLE 57 FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY AVIATION FIRSTS, 2007-2008 98

TABLE 58 AEROSPACE AND AVIATION INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS 99

BUSES 99

TABLE 59 TYPICAL UNITED STATES TRANSIT BUS COSTS, 2009 100

TABLE 60 FUEL CELL BUS AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY GROWTH 2009-2014 101

TABLE 61 EUROPEAN FUEL CELL BUS PENETRATION 2010-1015 102

FIGURE 18 EUROPEAN FUEL CELL BUS TARGETS, 2010-2015 103

FORKLIFTS AND MATERIAL HANDLING 104

TABLE 62 COST ANALYSIS OF FORKLIFTS IN DOUBLE-SHIFT OPERATIONS: 106

FUEL CELL VS PROPANE 106

TABLE 63 ADVANTAGES OF PEMFC FORKLIFTS VERSUS BATTERY-OR PROPANE- POWERED FORKLIFTS 107

TABLE 64 MARKETS FOR PEMFC-POWERED FORK LIFTS IN U.S. FEDERAL AGENCIES, 2009 107

HYDROGEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VEHICLES 108

SCOOTERS/BICYCLES/WHEELCHAIRS 108

MARINE 109

AUXILIARY POWER UNITS (APUS) 109

HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS (FUEL) 111

FIGURE 19 PERCENT HYDROGEN USE BY FUEL CELL APPLICATION, 2014 111

TABLE 65 HYDROGEN USE BY FUEL CELL APPLICATION, 2014 112

TABLE 66 BULK H2 GAS COSTS, 2009 113

FIGURE 20 HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS 114

TABLE 67 HYDROGEN ENERGY COMPONENT COSTS, 2009-2014 115

TABLE 68 HYDROGEN METRIC TONS & VALUE BY FUEL CELL APPLICATION, 2009-2014 117

STATIONARY HYDROGEN 118

TABLE 69 HYDROGEN ENERGY CONVERSION $KG H2/KWH 118

TABLE 70 HYDROGEN ENERGY CONVERSIONS 119

VEHICLE HYDROGEN 120

PORTABLE HYDROGEN 121

HYDROGEN AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 121

TABLE 71 VALUE NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION, PURIFICATION, STORAGE AND NANO-ENABLED HYDROGEN, 2009-2014 122

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 122

WIND HYDROGEN 124

TABLE 72 HYDROGEN COSTS AT FACTORY LEVEL 125

HYDROGEN PURIFICATION AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 125

HYDROGEN STORAGE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 126

TABLE 73 U.S. CONSENSUS CODES & STANDARDS: PASSENGER VEHICLES 126

TABLE 73 U.S. CONSENSUS CODES & STANDARDS: PASSENGER VEHICLES (CONTINUED) 127

NANOMATERIALS 128

PLATINUM AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 128

TABLE 74 RELATIONSHIP OF CATALYST LOADING BY WEIGHT TO MEMBRANE ELECTROLYTE BY METER 130

TABLE 75 PLATINUM LOADING AND PLATINUM COSTS: PER WATT, PER KILOWATT, PER 100 KILOWATT 131

TABLE 76 RELATIONSHIP OF ONE OUNCE OF PLATINUM LOADING TO KILOWATTS OF POWER 132

FIGURE 21 STEPS IN MANUFACTURING FUEL CELL PLATINUM ELECTRODES 134

CARBON AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 138

TABLE 77 CARBON NANOTUBE MANUFACTURERS, 2009 140

TABLE 78 ADVANTAGES OF ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBE (ACNT) MEA 141

GOLD AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 141

METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK (MOF) COMPOUNDS 142

NICKEL AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 143

PALLADIUM AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 144

TABLE 79 MAJOR PALLADIUM PRODUCERS, 2005 145

RUTHENIUM AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 145

TABLE 80 NANO-RUTHENIUM FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS 146

TITANIUM 146

AEROGEL 147

YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA (YSZ) AND OTHER SOFC MATERIALS 148

TABLE 81 NANOSTRUCTURED SOFC MEA MATERIALS 149

TABLE 82 RARE-EARTH OXIDE PRICES IN 2009 151

ZEOLITES 151

STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 153

TABLE 83 TOP 40 FUEL CELL COMPANIES, 2009 155

TABLE 83 TOP 40 FUEL CELL COMPANIES, 2009 (CONTINUED) 156

TABLE 83 TOP 40 FUEL CELL COMPANIES, 2009 (CONTINUED) 157

TABLE 84 FUEL CELL & NANOTECHNOLOGY STOCKS 158

TABLE 84 FUEL CELL & NANOTECHNOLOGY STOCKS (CONTINUED) 159

GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS INFLUENCING INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 159

TABLE 85 TOP GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, 2009-2014 161

TABLE 85 TOP GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, 2009-2014 (CONTINUED) 162

AMERICAN RECOVERY AND REINVESTMENT ACT OF 2009 (AARA) 164

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 167

TABLE 86 TOP PEMFC COMPANIES, 2009 168

TABLE 86 TOP PEMFC COMPANIES, 2009 (CONTINUED) 169

TABLE 86 TOP PEMFC COMPANIES, 2009 (CONTINUED) 170

DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 171

TABLE 87 TOP 30 DMFC COMPANIES, 2009 173

TABLE 87 TOP 30 DMFC COMPANIES, 2009 (CONTINUED) 174

SOFC, MCFC, PAFC: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 176

TABLE 88 TOP 30 SOFC, MCFC, PAFC COMPANIES 177

TABLE 88 TOP 30 SOFC, MCFC, PAFC COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 178

TABLE 88 TOP 30 SOFC, MCFC, PAFC COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 179

TABLE 89 SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL MANUFACTURERS 183

MATERIALS: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 184

TABLE 90 TOP FUEL CELL MATERIAL COMPANIES 186

HYDROGEN ENERGY: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 187

TABLE 91 TOP 40 HYDROGEN ENERGY COMPANIES 189

TABLE 91 TOP 40 HYDROGEN ENERGY COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 190

TABLE 92 ESTIMATED UNITED STATES HYDROGEN PRODUCTION CAPACITY, 2003 AND 2006 192

STATIONARY POWER: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 193

TABLE 93 TOP STATIONARY FUEL CELL COMPANIES 195

TABLE 93 TOP STATIONARY FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 196

TABLE 93 TOP STATIONARY FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 197

PORTABLE POWER: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 198

TABLE 94 TOP PORTABLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES 199

TABLE 94 TOP PORTABLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 200

VEHICLE FUEL CELLS: STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 202

TABLE 95 TOP VEHICLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES 204

TABLE 95 TOP VEHICLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 205

TABLE 95 TOP VEHICLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 206

TABLE 95 TOP VEHICLE FUEL CELL COMPANIES (CONTINUED) 207

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING NANO FUEL CELL COMPONENTS 208

TABLE 96 METHODS OF MANUFACTURING PEMFC & DMFC NANO FUEL CELL COMPONENTS 209

TABLE 97 FUEL CELL NANO MANUFACTURING PROCESSES 210

TABLE 98 METHODS OF MANUFACTURING SOFC NANO CELL COMPONENTS 210

BALL MILLING 211

LASER METHOD 211

FOCUSED ION BEAM LITHOGRAPHY 212

PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION 212

CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION 212

CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION-SOFC 213

ELECTROCHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION 213

EVAPORATIVE DEPOSITION 214

ELECTRON BEAM PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION 214

SPUTTER DEPOSITION 215

CATHODIC ARC DEPOSITION 215

PULSED LASER DEPOSITION 215

DRY VACUUM COATING 215

LASER WELDING 215

INK JET PRINTING 216

PLASMA SPRAYING 217

SCREEN PRINTING 218

SINTERING 218

SOL-GEL 219

SPRAY PYROLYSIS 219

TAPE CASTING 220

TABLE 99 TAPE CASTING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS 221

FIGURE 22 TAPE CASTING STEPS 223

EVALUATION/TESTING/ANALYSIS 224

TABLE 100 EVALUATION/TESTING/ANALYSIS EQUIPMENT 224

TABLE 101 MANUFACTURING/PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES 225

TABLE 102 CAPACITOR/ELECTRICITY STORAGE TECHNOLOGY 225

TABLE 103 226

BALANCE OF PLANT AND RELATED EQUIPMENT 226

TABLE 104 HEAT UTILIZATION/THERMAL TECHNOLOGY 226

COST OF PROTON EXCHANGE FUEL CELLS 228

FIGURE 23 PEMFC COMPONENT SYSTEMS AND PERCENTAGE OF COST, 2007 229

TABLE 105 COMPARISON OF PEMFC STACK COST PER KILOWATT 229

TABLE 106 COMPONENT COST FOR 80-KW PEMFC, 2008 230

FIGURE 24 MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY COMPONENTS & PERCENTAGE OF COST, 2007 231

TABLE 107 MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY COST BY MAJOR COMPONENT, 2007 232

FIGURE 25 PERCENTAGE COST OF MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY MANUFACTURING BY COMPONENT, 2007 232

TABLE 108 MEA MANUFACTURING DOLLAR COST PER KILOWATT, 2007 233

FIGURE 26 PERCENTAGE COMPONENT COST IN MEA MANUFACTURING 233

TABLE 109 DOLLAR COST PER KILOWATT BY COMPONENT FOR MEA MANUFACTURING FOR 80KW PEMFC STACK 234

TABLE 110 MEA COSTS 2009 235

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL COSTS 236

TABLE 111 COST ESTIMATES FOR A 5KW SOFC, 2008 236

TABLE 112 COST OF YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA (YSZ) NANOPOWDER 237

TABLE 113 SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL STACK COST ESTIMATE, 2008 237

TABLE 114 SOLDI OXIDE FUEL CELL PROCESS ECONOMICS, 2008 238

FIGURE 27 SOFC SYSTEM COMPONENT COSTS, 2009 238

TABLE 115 COMPONENT COST OF SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL, 2009 239

TABLE 116 ECONOMIC SUMMARY OF 2-KW SOFC RESIDENTIAL CO-GENERATOR 240

TABLE 117 SOFC STACK MATERIAL COSTS, 2008 241

TABLE 118 REPORTED SOFC STACK COSTS, 2008 242

HYDROGEN COSTS 243

FIGURE 28 NATURAL GAS REFORMING HYDROGEN PRODUCTION SYSTEM 243

TABLE 119 ESTIMATED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION COSTS, 2008 244

TABLE 119 ESTIMATED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION COSTS, 2008 (CONTINUED) 245

TABLE 120 HYDROGEN STORAGE AND SUPPLY TECHNOLOGIES 247

FIGURE 29 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION GOALS & STATUS, 2008 248

TABLE 121 MEMBERSHIP OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP FOR THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY 249

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES 249

TABLE 122 GLOBAL DAILY HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK, 2007 250

TABLE 123 H2 AND CO2 PRODUCTION FROM COAL AND GAS, 2007 251

TABLE 124 CURRENT PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN 251

TABLE 125 COST ESTIMATES FOR SIX TYPES OF STATION EQUIPMENT, 2008 253

TABLE 126 CALIFORNIA -SHANGHAI COMPARISON FOR HYDROGEN DELIVERY 254

COMPRESSED GAS AND CRYOGENIC LIQUID STORAGE 254

TABLE 127 HYDROGEN STORAGE PRICES 255

TABLE 128 HYDROGEN APPLICATIONS 256

VEHICLE HYDROGEN STORAGE 256

NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND STORAGE 257

TABLE 129 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION NANOTECHNOLOGY 258

NANOFIBER PAPER FOR FUEL CELLS AND CATALYST SUPPORTS 259

DEVELOPMENT OF FUEL CELL CATHODIC CATALYSTS: MULTIMETALLIC ALLOY NANOPARTICLES 260

NANOROD ARRAY PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL HYDROGEN PRODUCTION 261

NANOCRYSTALLINE PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM SPLITTING OF WATER BY VISIBLE LIGHT 261

HYDROGEN STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES 262

TABLE 130 DOE ON-BOARD H2 STORAGE, 2007 STATUS & 2010 AND 2015 TARGETS 264

TABLE 130 DOE ON-BOARD H2 STORAGE, 2007 STATUS & 2010 AND 2015 TARGETS (CONTINUED) 265

MATERIALS-BASED HYDROGEN STORAGE 266

TABLE 131 HYDROGEN STORAGE ISSUES 267

NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE 267

TABLE 132 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE 268

TABLE 132 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE (CONTINUED) 269

NANO HYDROGEN STORAGE MATERIALS 270

TABLE 133 NANO-ENABLED HYDROGEN STORAGE MATERIALS 271

CARBON NANOTUBES 272

NANO HYDRIDES 272

SILICON NANOWIRE 272

PATENT ANALYSIS 273

TABLE 134 FUEL CELL PATENTS, H2 STORAGE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY U.S. PATENTS BY COUNTRY, THROUGH AUGUST 2008 273

FIGURE 30 NANOTECHNOLOGY PATENTS BY COUNTRY, THROUGH AUG 1, 2008 274

FIGURE 31 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND STORAGE PATENTS BY COUNTRY, THROUGH AUG 1, 2008 275

FIGURE 32 FUEL CELL PATENTS BY COUNTRY, THROUGH AUG 1, 2008 276

TABLE 135 TOP FUEL CELL PATENT HOLDERS 277

FIGURE 33 FUEL CELL PATENTS BY ENTITY, THROUGH AUGUST 1, 2008 278

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS 279

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 280

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 281

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 282

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 283

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 284

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 285

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 286

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 287

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 288

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 289

TABLE 136 290

100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 290

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 291

TABLE 136 292

100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 292

TABLE 136 100 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL PATENTS (CONTINUED) 293

NANOSCALE FUEL CELL RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 294

TABLE 137 NANO-CATALYST RESEARCH FOR FUEL CELLS, 2005-2009 295

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 296

FIGURE 34 PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL 298

TABLE 138 DIRECT HYDROGEN CONVERSION REACTIONS: 298

CHEMICAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY 298

TABLE 139 PEMFC SYSTEM COST BY MAJOR COMPONENT, 2008 300

TABLE 140 PEMFC MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY COMPONENT COSTS, 2008 301

AIR MANAGEMENT 302

TABLE 141 VEHICLE CATHODE AIR BLOWER GOALS 303

ASSEMBLY 303

BALANCE-OF-PLANT 303

TABLE 142 BALANCE-OF-PLANT COMPONENTS AND MAJOR MANUFACTURERS 304

FUEL MANAGEMENT 304

HUMIDITY MANAGEMENT 304

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN HUMIDITY MANAGEMENT NANOTECHNOLOGY 305

MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY 306

TABLE 143 MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS 307

FIGURE 35 FIVE LAYER MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY 307

TABLE 144 MEA LAYERS 308

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING 309

DIRECT DEPOSITION 309

DECAL TRANSFER 310

TABLE 145 MEA MANUFACTURING GAPS, 2008 311

THERMAL MANAGEMENT 311

PEMFC NANOTECHNOLOGY 312

FIGURE 36 PEMFC WITH CARBON NANOPARTICLES 312

TABLE 146 IMPACTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY FUEL CELL ENERGY 313

MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 314

TABLE 147 NANOMATERIALS IN MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES 314

ANODE NANOTECHNOLOGY 315

TABLE 148 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC ANODES: MATERIAL, BENEFIT, SOURCE 316

NANOTECHNOLOGY AND BIPOLAR PLATES 316

TABLE 149 BIPOLAR PLATE FUNCTIONS 316

TABLE 150 BIPOLAR PLATE REQUIREMENTS 318

TABLE 151 BIPOLAR PLATE BARRIERS, NEEDS, AND NANO APPLICATION 318

SPECIFIC NANOTECHNOLOGIES FOR BIPOLAR PLATES 319

TABLE 152 BIPOLAR PLATE NANOMATERIALS 319

GRAPHITE-BASED BIPOLAR PLATES 320

FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE FOIL BIPOLAR PLATES 320

SHEET METAL BIPOLAR PLATES 320

TABLE 153 MANUFACTURING GAPS FOR HIGH-SPEED BIPOLAR PLATE PROCESSES, 2008 321

CATALYSTS 321

TABLE 154 CATALYSTS NEEDS AND BARRIERS 322

NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFCS 323

TABLE 155 NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFC 326

TABLE 155 NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFC (CONTINUED) 327

TABLE 155 NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFC (CONTINUED) 328

TABLE 155 NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFC (CONTINUED) 329

TABLE 155 NANO CATALYSTS FOR PEMFC (CONTINUED) 330

CATHODE 330

TABLE 156 NEEDS FOR NEW FUEL CELL CATHODE CATALYST 331

AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS 331

CATHODE PEMFC NANOTECHNOLOGY 332

TABLE 157 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CATHODES 332

TABLE 157 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CATHODES (CONTINUED) 333

TABLE 157 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CATHODES (CONTINUED) 334

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE ELECTROLYTE 335

NAFION® 335

POLYBENZIMIDAZOL (PBI) 336

TABLE 158 PBI ADVANTAGES FOR PEMFC 336

INTERMEDIATE-TEMPERATURE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANES AND STACKS 337

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE NANOTECHNOLOGY 337

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES 338

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 339

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 340

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 341

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 342

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 343

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 344

TABLE 159 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR PEMFC MEMBRANES (CONTINUED) 345

GAS DIFFUSION LAYER (GDL) 345

GAS DIFFUSION LAYER NANOTECHNOLOGY 347

TABLE 160 GAS DIFFUSION LAYER NANOTECHNOLOGY 348

SEALS 349

TABLE 161 MANUFACTURING GAPS FOR HIGH-SPEED SEALING TECHNIQUES 350

SEAL NANOTECHNOLOGY 350

ANODE 351

ANODE NANOTECHNOLOGIES 351

TABLE 162 DMFC ANODE NANOMATERIALS 352

BIPOLAR PLATES 352

CATALYSTS 353

TABLE 163 DMFC NANOSTRUCTURED CATALYST 353

CATHODE NANOTECHNOLOGIES 354

DIRECT METHANOL MEMBRANES 354

TABLE 164 MEMBRANES FOR DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS 355

HYDROCARBON NANO-ENGINEERED MEMBRANE 356

TABLE 165 DMFC MEMBRANE NANOTECHNOLOGY 357

FUEL DIFFUSION LAYER NANOTECHNOLOGY 358

SOFC RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 359

TABLE 166 SOFC NANOTECHNOLOGY BENEFITS AND BARRIERS, 2009 359

SOFC MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING 'RESEARCH 359

TABLE 167 SOFC COST REDUCTION RESEARCH PRIORITIES 360

TABLE 168 MATERIALS MANUFACTURING RESEARCH 361

TABLE 168 MATERIALS MANUFACTURING RESEARCH (CONTINUED) 362

ANODE 363

TABLE 169 SOFC ANODE MATERIALS 364

TABLE 169 SOFC ANODE MATERIALS (CONTINUED) 365

ANODE RESEARCH 365

TABLE 170 ANODE RESEARCH, 2008 366

CATHODE 366

TABLE 171 SOLID OXIDE CATHODE MATERIALS 369

CATHODE RESEARCH 369

TABLE 172 CATHODE RESEARCH, 2008 370

TABLE 172 CATHODE RESEARCH, 2008 371

ELECTROLYTE 372

FIGURE 37 ELECTROLYTE STRUCTURE IN PLANAR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL 372

TABLE 173 SOLID OXIDE NANO ELECTROLYTE MATERIALS 373

ELECTRODE RESEARCH 374

TABLE 174 SOFC ELECTRODES RESEARCH 375

INTERCONNECTS 376

TABLE 175 SOLID OXIDE INTERCONNECT MATERIALS, 2008 378

INTERCONNECT RESEARCH 379

TABLE 176 INTERCONNECTS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 380

TABLE 176 INTERCONNECTS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 381

TABLE 176 INTERCONNECTS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 382

TABLE 176 INTERCONNECTS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 383

SEALS 383

TABLE 177 SOLID OXIDE SEAL MATERIALS, 2008 385

SEALS RESEARCH 385

TABLE 178 SEALS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 386

TABLE 178 SEALS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 387

TABLE 178 SEALS RESEARCH, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 388

CATALYSTS 388

CATALYST RESEARCH 388

TABLE 179 CATALYST RESEARCH 389

OTHER RESEARCH 390

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 391

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 392

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 393

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 394

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 395

TABLE 180 OTHER U.S. SOLID OXIDE RESEARCH PROJECTS, 2006-2008 (CONTINUED) 396

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS 397

U.S. HYDROGEN POLICY 397

INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT EXTENSION (2008) 397

HYDROGEN FUEL INITIATIVE (JAN. 2003) 398

FIGURE 38 U.S. HYDROGEN INITIATIVE $266 MILLION BUDGET EXPENDITURES BY APPLICATION, 2009 398

FIGURE 39 U.S. DOE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY (EERE) 399

HYDROGEN PROGRAM BUDGET 2004-2009 399

EPACT 2005 (PUBLIC LAW 109-58) TITLE VIII HYDROGEN 399

ADVANCED ENERGY INITIATIVE (FEB. 2006) 400

"20-IN-10" INITIATIVE (JAN. 2007) 400

PRESIDENT BUSH'S ADVANCED ENERGY INITIATIVE (AEI) 400

EXECUTIVE ORDER 13423 (JAN. 2007) 400

ENERGY INDEPENDENCE AND SECURITY ACT (DEC. 2007) 400

ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 2005 401

DOE FUNDING $130 MILLION IN FUEL CELL RESEARCH (2008) 401

HYDROGEN INITIATIVE 401

REGULATORY AGENCIES FOR A HYDROGEN CITY 402

TABLE 181 U.S. REGULATORY AGENCIES FOR HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE 403

TABLE 181 U.S. REGULATORY AGENCIES FOR HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE (CONTINUED) 404

CALIFORNIA 404

CONNECTICUT CLEAN ENERGY 405

OHIO FUEL CELL COALITION 405

ADDITIONAL STATE REGULATIONS 405

REGULATION BY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 406

TABLE 182 FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY REGION, 2008 407

FIGURE 40 FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY REGION, 2008 407

TABLE 183 NANO-RELATED FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY REGION, 2008 408

FIGURE 41 NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY BY NUMBER OF ORGANIZATION BY REGION, 2008 409

TABLE 184 NATIONS BY REGION IN FUEL CELLS, HYDROGEN ENERGY 410

AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 410

TABLE 185 FUEL CELL, H2 ENERGY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 411

BY REGION & COUNTRY, 2009 411

TABLE 186 TOP TWENTY COUNTRIES IN NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2009 412

FIGURE 42 TOP TWENTY COUNTRIES IN NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2009 413

TABLE 187 OTHER COUNTRIES NANOTECHNOLOGY, FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2009 414

TABLE 188 VALUE OF FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY BY LEADING NATION EXPENDITURES, 2009 415

NORTH AMERICA 416

UNITED STATES 416

TABLE 189 U.S. FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS, 2008 416

FIGURE 43 U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS 417

BY TECHNOLOGY 417

TABLE 190 U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION, 2008 418

TABLE 191 U.S. FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURES 418

PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC, HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2008 418

FIGURE 44 FUEL CELL NANOTECHNOLOGY, TECHNOLOGY AND TOTAL VALUE, 2008 419

FIGURE 45 EXPENDITURES ON NANOTECHNOLOGY RELATED TO FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2008 420

TABLE 192 U.S. RANGE OF SPENDING ON NANOMATERIALS AS A PERCENTAGE OF NANO-RELATED SPENDING BY FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY: PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC, AND HYDROGEN ENERGY, 2008 420

TABLE 193 EXPENDITURES OF U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY 422

ORGANIZATIONS BY TYPE, 2008 422

FIGURE 46 EXPENDITURES OF U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY TYPE, 2008 423

TABLE 194 U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY BY APPLICATION 424

FIGURE 47 U.S. FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS 425

BY APPLICATION 425

KEY TO COUNTRY TABLES 426

TABLE 195 KEY TO THE COUNTRY TABLES 426

TABLE 196 EXAMPLE OF HOW TO READ TABLE KEYS 428

UNITED STATES 429

TABLE 197 U.S. FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS, 2009 429

CANADA 473

TABLE 198 CANADIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008 473

MEXICO 479

TABLE 199 MEXICAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY & RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008 479

EUROPE 481

FIGURE 48 JTI FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY BUDGET, 2008-2013 482

TABLE 200 INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT ACTION (IDA) 482

TABLE 201 EU FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN JOINT TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE RESEARCH SPENDING, 2008-2014 483

FIGURE 49 DISTRIBUTION OF FCH JTI R&D EXPENDITURES, 2008-2014 484

TABLE 202 KEY COMPANIES IN EU HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELL 485

TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM 485

EUROPEAN UNION 485

NOVEL HIGH-TEMPERATURE PROTON AND MIXED PROTON ELECTRON CONDUCTORS FOR FUEL CELLS AND H2-SEPARATION MEMBRANES 486

SYNTHESIS AND DURABILITY OF CNT-BASED MEAS FOR PEMFC (NANODURAMEA) 487

BIOH2 - RENEWABLE PRODUCTION OF H2 USING BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 488

TABLE 203 EUROPEAN UNION FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY & RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY 489

GERMANY 492

TABLE 204 GERMAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY EXPENDITURES 492

FIGURE 50 VALUE OF GERMAN FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY INDUSTRY BY ORGANIZATION, 2008 493

TABLE 205 GERMAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 494

FRANCE 520

TABLE 206 521

FRENCH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS, 2009 521

AUSTRIA 569

TABLE 207 AUSTRIAN FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS BY APPLICATION 569

TABLE 208 AUSTRIAN ORGANIZATIONS BY TYPE AND EXPENDITURES 2008 569

TABLE 209 AUSTRIAN FUEL CELL AND HYDROGEN ENERGY BY APPLICATION 570

FIGURE 51 AUSTRIAN FUEL CELL & HYDROGEN ENERGY ORGANIZATION BY APPLICATION 570

TABLE 210 AUSTRIAN NANOTECHNOLOGY, FUEL CELL AND H2 ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS 571

BELGIUM 577

TABLE 211 FLEMISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 577

SWITZERLAND 580

TABLE 212 SWISS FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 580

DENMARK 586

TABLE 213 DANISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS, 2009 586

UNITED KINGDOM 589

TABLE 214 BRITISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009 589

SPAIN 604

TABLE 215 SPANISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 604

FINLAND 613

TABLE 216 FINNISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 613

GREECE 619

TABLE 217 GREEK FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 619

ITALY 622

TABLE 218 ITALIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 622

NETHERLANDS 634

TABLE 219 DUTCH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 634

NORWAY 639

TABLE 220 NORWEGIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 639

POLAND 642

TABLE 221 POLISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 642

ROMANIA 651

TABLE 222 ROMANIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 651

RUSSIA 655

TABLE 223 RUSSIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 655

ASIA - JAPAN 661

TABLE 224 JAPANESE FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND NANOTECHNOLOGY, 2008 662

CHINA 697

TABLE 225 CHINESE FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 697

KOREA 719

TABLE 226 KOREAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 719

TAIWAN 729

TABLE 227 TABLE TAIWANESE FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 729

SINGAPORE 736

TABLE 228 SINGAPORE'S FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 736

ISRAEL 739

TABLE 229 ISRAELI FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 739

INDIA 741

TABLE 230 INDIAN FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 741

TURKEY 746

TABLE 231 TABLE TURKISH FUEL CELL, HYDROGEN ENERGY AND RELATED NANOTECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS 746

AUSTRALIA 749

TABLE 232 TABL

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