Carnegie Mellon Researchers Examine Economic Feasibility Of Using Direct Current Circuits To Power Lights in Commercial Buildings

PITTSBURGH, April 25, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- For more than a century, electric power has been produced and distributed using alternating current (AC) technology championed by George Westinghouse and Nikola Tesla.

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Carnegie Mellon University researchers report that a competing direct current (DC) electrical power system, pioneered by Thomas A. Edison in the 1880s, may be the most economic way to power lights in commercial buildings, especially in buildings using solar photovoltaics (PV).

In a paper published in Energy Policy, CMU's Brinda Thomas, Ines L. Azevedo and M. Granger Morgan examined the economic feasibility of using dedicated DC circuits to operate lighting in commercial buildings. They considered several lighting technologies and scenarios where the electricity used to power lighting devices in a 48,000-square-foot building came from either a central DC power supply or traditional AC grid electricity.

"We found that if you used DC instead of AC and your building has fluorescent light, the cost is basically the same or slightly higher with DC," said Azevedo, executive director of CMU's Climate and Energy-Decision Making Center and an assistant professor in the Engineering and Public Policy Department (EPP).      

But if light emitting diodes (LEDs) were installed instead of fluorescent lamps, CMU researchers found a savings of $24,000 per year using DC instead of AC. If the LEDs were powered with solar PV power augmented with grid electricity, even bigger savings of $5,000 per year could be gained by using DC instead of AC.

And as the cost of LEDs decreases, the savings from transitioning to DC coupled with light emitting diodes will increase, according to CMU researchers. By 2015, projections from the Department of Energy show use of LEDs in a 48,000-square-foot commercial building could see cost savings of $10,000 per year compared to fluorescent lamps. The researchers found that decreasing the capital and operating costs of using LEDs, especially when used with solar PV, are key factors to make a dedicated DC strategy worth considering.

"However, our research shows that current DC wiring still has higher installation charges because it is a relatively new technology," said Thomas, a Ph.D. student in CMU's Engineering and Public Policy Department from Pittsburgh, Pa.

Morgan, CMU University Professor and head of EPP, also pointed out that further work is needed to better understand potential safety risks with DC distribution and to remove design, installation, permitting and regulatory barriers.  

About Carnegie Mellon University: Carnegie Mellon (www.cmu.edu) is a private, internationally ranked research university with programs in areas ranging from science, technology and business, to public policy, the humanities and the arts. More than 11,000 students in the university's seven schools and colleges benefit from a small student-to-faculty ratio and an education characterized by its focus on creating and implementing solutions for real problems, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation. A global university, Carnegie Mellon's main campus in the United States is in Pittsburgh, Pa. It has campuses in California's Silicon Valley and Qatar, and programs in Asia, Australia, Europe and Mexico. The university recently exceeded $1 billion raised for "Inspire Innovation: The Campaign for Carnegie Mellon University," an initiative which continues through June 2013.

SOURCE Carnegie Mellon University