Biochips and Microarrays - Technologies, Markets and Companies

NEW YORK, July 4, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Biochips and Microarrays - Technologies, markets and companies

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0350354/Biochips-and-Microarrays---Technologiesmarkets-and-companies.html#utm_source=prnewswire&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=Genomics

This report is an analysis of biochip/microarray markets based on technologies and applications. The report starts with a description of technologies as a basis for estimation of markets. Technologies include array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), copy number variation (CNV), DNA methylation, ChIP-Chip, RNA splice variants, and microRNA. Separate chapters are devoted to protein biochips/microarrays, microfluidics and nanobiotechnology-based nano-arrays.

Various applications of biochips and microarrays are described throughout the report. Areas of application such as point-of-care, genetic screening, cancer, and diagnosis of infections are included. Separate chapters are devoted to applications in drug discovery and development as well as personalized medicine

The report provides current share of each segment: market size in 2010 and projected value for the years 2015 and 2020. Gene expression has the largest share and is an established market. Share of microarray technologies in other areas will grow with the maximum growth in RNA splice variants followed by epigenetics. The growth in protein microarrays is somewhat less, partly because it is more mature than the other submarkets and has already shown considerable growth in the past. Impact of next generation sequencing on segments of microarray markets is identified. Customer requirements and unmet needs are described. Markets are also analyzed according to geographical areas.

Brief profiles of companies involved in biochip/microarray technologies are provided. Currently selected 72 companies are included along with listing of 90 collaborations between companies. The text is supplemented by 17 tables, 8 figures and 100 references to literature.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary 9

1. Introduction 11

Definitions of biochips/microarray 11

Terms used for biochips 11

Historical aspects of biochip/microarray technology 12

Relation of microarrays to other technologies 13

Applications of biochips/microarrays 13

2. Biochip and Microarray Technologies 15

Introduction 15

Nucleic acid amplification and microarrays 15

PCR on a chip 15

Fast PCR biochip 15

Multiplex microarray-enhanced PCR for DNA analysis 16

Universal DNA microarray combining PCR and ligase detection reaction 16

NASBA combined with microarray 17

Rolling circle amplification on microarrays 17

LiquiChip-RCAT 17

Multiplexed Molecular Profiling 17

Genomewide association scans 18

Whole genome microarrays 18

GeneChip Human Genome Arrays 19

Arrayit's® H25K 20

Transposon insertion site profiling chip 20

Standardizing the microarrays 20

Optical Mapping 21

Microarrays based on ENA detection by physico-chemical methods 21

Electrochemical detection of DNA 21

Photoelectrochemical synthesis of DNA microarrays 22

Microchip capillary electrophoresis 23

Strand displacement amplification on a biochip 23

Biosensor technologies for biochips 23

DNA-based biosensors 24

Phototransistor biochip biosensor 24

Microarrays for cytogenetics 25

Comparative genomic hybridization 25

Array-based CGH 25

NimbleGen CGH arrays 26

Single-cell array CGH 27

Regulatory requirements for array CGH 27

Agilent CGH+SNP microarray platform 27

SignatureChip® 27

Tissue microarrays 28

Pathology tissue-ChIP 28

Carbohydrate microarrays 29

RNA profiling 29

RNA splice variants 29

miRNAs 30

Microarrays for miRNAs 30

Microarrays vs quantitative PCR for measuring miRNAs 31

Exon microarrays 32

Microarrays & DNA sequencing 32

Microarray-based emerging DNA sequencing technologies 32

Exome sequencing for study of human variation 33

High-throughput array-based resequencing 33

Sequencing by hybridization 33

SOLiD-System based ChIP-Sequencing 34

Next generation sequencing vs microarrays for expression profiling 35

Microarray-based gene synthesis 35

3. Microfluidics-based Biochips and Microarrays 37

Introduction 37

Fish-on-chip 37

Lab-on-a-chip 38

LabCD 38

Micronics' microfluidic technology 38

Rheonix CARD technology 39

Microfluidic chips/arrays using PCR 39

Microfluidic automated DNA analysis using PCR 39

Digital PCR Array 39

Digital PCR on a SlipChip 40

Microfluidic chips integrated with RCAT 40

Microfluidic chips integrated with PET 40

Companies developing microfluidic technologies 41

4. Protein Biochips 43

Introduction 43

Protein biochip technologies 43

Protein microarrays 43

Antibody microarrays 44

Aptamer-based protein biochip 44

High-density protein microarrays 45

HPLC-Chip for protein identification 45

LabChip for protein analysis 45

Multiplexed Protein Profiling on Microarrays 46

ProteinChip 46

Protein chips for antigen-antibody interactions molecular diagnostics 48

Proteomic pattern analysis 48

Single molecule array 48

TRINECTIN proteome chip 49

New developments in protein chips/microarrays 49

Microfluidic devices for proteomics-based diagnostics 49

Viral protein chip 49

Use of microarray technologies in human protein atlas initiative 50

Applications of protein biochip/microarrays 51

Biosensor protein chip 51

Proteome Identification Kit 52

Protein nanobiochip for diagnosis 52

Protein biochips/microarrays for personalized medicine 52

Companies involved protein biochips/microarrays 53

5. Nanobiotechnology-based Biochips & Microarrays 57

Introduction 57

Nanotechnology-based biochips 57

Fullerene photodetectors for chemiluminescence detection on microfluidic chip 57

Nanotechnology on a chip 57

Nanogen's NanoChip 58

Use of nanotechnology in microfluidics 58

Construction of nanofluidic channels 59

NanoAnalyzer® chip 59

Nanoscale flow visualization 60

Moving (levitation) of nanofluidic drops with physical forces 60

Electrochemical nanofluid injection 61

Nanofluidics on nanopatterned surfaces 61

Nano-interface in a microfluidic chip 61

Nanofluidic channels for study of DNA 62

Nanofluidic/nanoarray devices to detect a single molecule of DNA 62

Nanoarrays 63

Dip Pen Nanolithography for nanoarrays 63

NanoPro™ System 64

Nanosensors 65

Cantilever arrays 65

Nanotechnology-based protein biochips/microarrays 66

AFM for immobilization of biomolecules in high-density nanoarrays 66

Nanoparticle protein chip 67

Protein biochips based on fluorescence planar wave guide technology 67

Self-assembling protein nanoarrays 67

6. Biochips & Microarrays for Epigenetics 69

Introduction 69

Epigenomic technologies 69

Epigenomics Digital Phenotype 69

Global methylation analysis 70

Illumina's assays for analysis of methylation sites 70

GenomicTree's MDScan technology 70

Orion's MethylScope® technology 70

ChIP-chip 70

Microarray for immunogenetic testing 71

Applications for study of DNA methylation 71

7. Applications of Microarrays in Drug Discovery & Development 73

Introduction 73

Drug discovery 73

Finding lead compounds 73

High-throughput cDNA microarrays 73

Use of gene expression data to find new drug targets 74

Investigation of the mechanism of drug action 74

Cellular microarrays 74

Peptide microarrays for high-throughput screening 75

Biochips for toxicology studies 75

Gene expression studies for toxicology using microarrays 75

MetaChip/Datachip 75

Testing drugs in organ-on-a-chip microdevices 76

ADME-on-a-chip 76

Liver-on-a-chip 76

Lung-on-a-chip 77

SmartChip for cancer drug discovery 77

Drug development 77

Use of microarrays in clinical trials 77

Reverse phase protein microarrays 78

Controlled-release microchip for drug delivery 78

8. Biochips for Biomarkers, Molecular Diagnostics & Personalized Medicine 79

Introduction 79

Applications of biochip technology in personalized medicine 79

AmpliChip P53 as companion diagnostic for cancer 80

Application of microarrays for discovery of biomarkers 80

Antibody-based biomarker discovery 80

Discovery of biomarkers by MAb microarray profiling 81

Gene expression microarray data as a source of protein biomarkers 81

Peptide array technology for detection of biomarkers 81

Protein microarrays for discovery of biomarkers 81

Tissue microarrays for study of biomarkers 82

Biochip and microarray-based detection of SNPs 83

Affymetrix Variation Detection Arrays 83

Biochip combining BeadArray and ZipCode technologies 83

NanoChip for detection of SNPs 83

SNP genotyping by MassARRAY 83

SNP-IT primer-extension technology 84

Copy number variations in the human genome 84

Agilent 2x105K microarray 85

Affymetrix's chromosome copy number analysis 86

Infinium's CNV and SNP lines 87

HD Human660W-Quad BeadChip 87

Roche NimbleGen's CGH and CNV product line 87

TaqMan® Copy Number Assays 87

Innovations in CNV and CGH microarrays 88

Bioinformatic tools for analysis of CNV data 88

Microarrays for Pharmacogenetics 89

AmpliChip CYP450 89

Commercial development of biochip technologies for diagnostics 90

9. Markets 93

Introduction 93

Methods for estimation of markets 93

Microarray markets 93

Market share of microfluidics-based microarrays 94

Gene expression microarray markets 94

Array CGH markets 94

CNV markets 95

Markets for RNA splice variants 95

Markets for microarray relevant to miRNA 95

Epigenetic markets 96

ChIP-Chip 96

Markets for protein microarrays 96

Role of scientists' attitudes on the evolution of protein microarray markets 97

Market share of microarray technology in protein biomarkers 97

Geographical distribution of microarray markets 97

Currents trends 97

Types of arrays used 98

Tiling array 98

Exon array 98

Reaction specifics 99

Pre-amplification use 99

Reagents from array vendor or other sources 99

Dual versus single color array preference 99

Oligo versus BAC preference 100

Cost per sample or cost per array 100

Preference for single versus multiplex sample arrays 101

Current and future throughput in samples per week 101

Use in niche markets 101

Diagnostics 101

Drug discovery 102

Therapeutics 102

Research 102

Screening assays versus whole genome aCGH 103

Effect of next generation sequencing on microarray markets 103

Impact of next generation sequencing on microarray markets for diagnostics 104

Impact of next gen sequencing on microarray markets for drug discovery 104

Resequencing 104

RNA profiling 105

Transcriptome sequencing for mRNA Expression 105

Applications of next generation sequencing in basic research 105

Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from human genomes 105

Identifying protein-coding genes in genomic sequences 106

Applications in clinically relevant areas 107

Genetic disorders 107

Cancer research 108

Management of HIV/AIDS 109

Customer requirements and unmet needs 109

Concluding remarks on microarray markets 109

Future of biochip technology for molecular diagnostics 110

Impact of next generation sequencing on microarray markets in the future 110

Effect on CNV market 110

Effect on RNA profiling 110

Screening samples 111

10. Companies 113

Profiles of companies 113

Collaborations 200

11. References 205

List of Tables

Table 1 1: Various terms used for biochips, microarrays and microfluidics 11

Table 1 2: Historical landmarks relevant to the development of biochip technology 12

Table 1 3: Applications of microarrays 13

Table 2 1: Companies developing whole genome chips/microarrays 18

Table 2 2: Microarray/biochip-based technologies for cytogenetics 25

Table 2 3: Companies developing whole genome chips/microarrays 32

Table 2 4: ChIP detection platforms for sequencing 34

Table 3 1: Companies developing microfluidic technologies 41

Table 4 1: Applications of protein biochips/microarrays 51

Table 4 2: Selected companies involved in protein biochip/microarray technology 53

Table 5 1: Companies with nanoarray and nanofluidic technologies 63

Table 8 1: Applications of biochip technology relevant to personalized medicine 79

Table 8 2: Companies involved in biochips for molecular diagnostics 90

Table 9 1: Growth of markets for microarray technologies from 2010 to 2020 93

Table 9 2: Geographical distribution of biochip/microarray markets 2010-2020 97

Table 9 3: Global markets for sequencing services according to applications 103

Table 10 1: Collaborations 200

List of Figures

Figure 1 1: Relation of microarrays to other technologies and applications 13

Figure 2 1: Affymetrix GeneChip technology 19

Figure 2 2: Basic principle of a biosensor 24

Figure 2 3: Construction of SOLiD fragment library using DNA enrichment by ChIP 34

Figure 4 1: ProteinChip System 47

Figure 5 1: Schematic representation of Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN) 64

Figure 8 1: Role of biochips/microarrays in personalized medicine 80

Figure 8 2: Role of CYP450 genotyping in development of personalized medicine 90

To order this report:

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Nicolas Bombourg
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